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Colombia

Monthly Event Reports

August 2023 | UN Security Council to oversee ceasefire between government and ELN
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A UN Security Council resolution has approved the role of a UN mission in Colombia to oversee and monitor a ceasefire agreed between the government and the National Liberation Army (Ejercito de Liberacion Nacional, ELN). The ceasefire entered into force in the beginning of August, after negotiations facilitated by international actors over the summer. The ceasefire will be in place for 180 days.

July 2023 | President Petro’s son is arrested in connection with a money-laundering investigation

President Gustavo Petro’s son, local politician Nicolas Petro Burgos, was arrested along with his former spouse, accused of money laundering. Prosecutors launched an investigation into Petro Burgos’s finances after his former spouse revealed that he had received large payments from a former drug trafficker and individuals accused of corruption as contributions to his father’s campaign and peace plan, but reportedly without the knowledge of now president Petro. According to prosecutors, the contributions were kept by Petro Burgos to finance a lavish lifestyle. While initially Petro Burgos denied the allegations, prosecutors affirmed in early August that Petro Burgos acknowledged in a sworn statement to using contributions for his personal enrichment. He reportedly further alleged that Petro’s campaign had received undisclosed funds, including part of the contributions that led to the money laundering investigation, without the knowledge of the now President. President Petro denies that his campaign received any illegal funds. 

March 2023 | Setbacks to peace process as rebel group and cartel renew violence

President Gustavo Petro’s government has experienced setbacks to its plans for peace in Colombia. Authorities announced the suspension of a ceasefire that had been put in place in the past months with the main drug trafficking group operating in the country, the Gulf Clan, and announced that military operations against this group would be renewed. The government alleges the Gulf Clan did not respect the ceasefire and has instigated terror among civil population. Petro’s plan for total peace has also suffered a blow due to renewed violence, after an army base was attacked with mortar shells, which the government attributes to the National Liberation Army (ELN). Nine soldiers were killed. While a cease-fire with the rebel group had not yet been agreed, peace talks had been undertaken in previous months after a stalemate of years.

January 2023 | Vice-President Marquez is targeted in an assassination attempt

Vice-President Francia Marquez announced that her security detail had detected an explosive device near her family home. Security officers confirmed that due to the circumstances in which such a device had been found, it could be concluded that Marquez had been the target of an assassination attempt. Francia Marquez, the first woman of African descent to hold the vice-presidency, had previously been the target of threats, harassment and a prior assassination attempt, due to her work as an environmental activist.  

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GSoD Indices Data 2013-2022

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Basic Information

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Population Tooltip
51 265 840
System of government
Presidential system
Head of government
President Gustavo Petro (since 2022)
Head of government party
Humane Colombia
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
List Proportional Representation
Women in lower or single chamber
28.9%
Women in upper chamber
29.6%
Last legislative election
2022
Effective number of political parties Tooltip
8.46
Head of state
President Gustavo Petro
Selection process for head of state
Direct election (two-round majority)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
10/05/2018
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
86.73%
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Human Rights Treaties

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State Party State party
Signatory Signatory
No Action No action
United Nations Human Right Treaties
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
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International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
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International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
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Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
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Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
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Convention on the Rights of the Child
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International Convention on Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
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International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 
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International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
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International Labour Organisation Treaties
Forced Labour Convention
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Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention
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Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
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Equal Remuneration Convention
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Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
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Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
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Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
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Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
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Regional Treaties
American Convention on Human Rights
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Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
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Categories of Democratic Performance

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Global State of Democracy Indices

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Representation
Representation
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high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rights
Rights
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high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rule of Law
Rule of Law
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high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Participation
Participation
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high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Annual value

Factors of Democratic Performance Over Time

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