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Myanmar

Monthly Event Reports

January 2024 | Partial ceasefire agreed
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Myanmar’s military junta and the Brotherhood Alliance, an alliance of armed groups operating in the north of the country agreed to a ceasefire after two days of China-mediated talks on 10-11 January. The International Crisis Group described the ceasefire, which was joined by all armed groups, as “tenuous” after a previous China-brokered ceasefire in December collapsed after one week. The junta reportedly continued to lose ground in Rakhine, Kachin and Kayah states to armed groups not party to the ceasefire.  On 31 January, the junta extended the state of emergency that has been in place since its 2021 coup for another six months.

November 2023 | Fighting worsens as military junta loses ground

The president of Myanmar’s military junta Myint Swe said the country was at risk of breaking up as the military government struggled against a major offensive from various armed ethnic insurgent groups and pro-democracy forces. Over 500,000 people were displaced as of 5 December from the fighting that began in late October, and at least several hundred civilians have been killed. The junta had reportedly lost control of several towns along the Chinese border, and the International Crisis Group reported the military junta was at risk of being overextended and could “double down on brutal efforts” such as scorched-earth tactics and indiscriminate bombing campaigns.

October 2023 | Major anti-junta military offensive underway
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A coalition of ethnic rebel groups and anti-coup forces launched a coordinated armed offensive against Myanmar’s military junta in the country’s northern Shan state on 27 October. The attack is the most serious military challenge to the junta since it overthrew Myanmar’s democratically elected government in a coup in 2021. Tens of thousands of civilians have been displaced by the fighting, which comes in the wake of two years of violence from the military junta, and a 300 percent increase in junta airstrikes in some regions in recent months, according to Human Rights Watch.

May 2023 | Military junta frees 2,153 prisoners ahead of Buddhist holiday

The military junta released 2,153 prisoners convicted under section 505A of the penal code, which it uses to suppress peaceful dissent in the country. The junta traditionally amnesties prisoners in line with national holidays, but data suggests that political prisoners make up only a small fraction of the total number of prisoners released. Post-release, amnestied prisoners are typically kept under surveillance and are at high risk of re-arrest.

Explore past monthly event reports

GSoD Indices Data 2013-2022

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Basic Information

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Population Tooltip
54 806 010
Head of government
State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi (imprisoned since 1 February 2021)
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
First Past the Post
Women in lower or single chamber
15.5%
Women in upper chamber
16.8%
Last legislative election
2020
Head of state
President Win Myint (imprisoned since 1 February 2021)
Selection process for head of state
Indirect election (assembly + regional/local representatives)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
25/01/2021
Population Tooltip
54 806 010
Head of government
State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi (imprisoned since 1 February 2021)
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
First Past the Post
Women in lower or single chamber
15.5%
Women in upper chamber
16.8%
Last legislative election
2020
Head of state
President Win Myint (imprisoned since 1 February 2021)
Selection process for head of state
Indirect election (assembly + regional/local representatives)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
25/01/2021
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Human Rights Treaties

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State Party State party
Signatory Signatory
No Action No action
United Nations Human Right Treaties
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
No Action
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
State Party
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
No Action
Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
State Party
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
No Action
Convention on the Rights of the Child
State Party
International Convention on Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
No Action
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 
No Action
International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
State Party
International Labour Organisation Treaties
Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention
State Party
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
No Action
Equal Remuneration Convention
No Action
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
No Action
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
No Action
Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
State Party
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
State Party
in
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Performance by category over the last 6 months

Representation neutral Representation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rights
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rule of law
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Participation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024

Global State of Democracy Indices

Hover over the trend lines to see the exact data points across the years

Explore the indices
Representation
Representation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rights
Rights
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rule of Law
Rule of Law
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Participation
Participation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Annual value

Factors of Democratic Performance Over Time

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