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Luxembourg

Monthly Event Reports

October 2023 | Ruling coalition loses majority in general elections
Election flag

In general elections held on 8 October, a total of seven parties passed the required threshold to be represented in Parliament. All 60 seats of the Chamber of Deputies, Luxembourg’s unicameral legislature, were contested. The opposition Christian Social Party (CSV) won the greatest vote share (29.2 per cent), securing 21 seats in the legislature. Ruling coalition members, the Democratic Party (DP) and the Socialist party (LSAP), followed behind with 18.7 per cent (14 seats) and with 18.91 per cent of the vote (11 seats) respectively. The conservative Reformist Democratic Alternative party (ADR) secured 9.3 per cent of the vote and 5 seats. There were 278 female candidates (42.8 per cent of the total 649 candidates), and women will make up just under a third of deputies in Parliament. Voter turnout was 87 per cent, and voting is mandatory.

June 2023 | Chamber of Deputies approves reforms paving way for revised Constitution

Legislative amendments were approved to comply with planned constitutional changes, which entered into force on 1 July 2023. The amendments expand voting rights for people with disabilities, allowing adults under guardianship (previously excluded from the right to vote) to participate in local, legislative and European Parliament elections. The changes also make it possible for these citizens, as well as voters with mental deficiencies, to be accompanied in the voting booth, previously only possible for physically infirm or visually impaired citizens. Separately, the law on parliamentary inquiries was adapted to account for constitutional amendments allowing a commission of inquiry to be established at the request of one third of deputies, geared towards anticipating problems the commissions may encounter in practice. A third law was approved to govern the Chamber of Deputies’ processing of legislative initiatives proposed by citizens, a right granted by the revised constitution.

December 2022 | Constitutional reforms pass the Chamber of Deputies

Lawmakers voted to approve four proposals to amend the constitution by a large majority. The constitutional amendments were originally tabled in 2009 and were subsequently divided into four chapters covering judicial independence; organisation of the state, the monarchy, the government and religious communities; rights and freedoms (extending from the right to personal integrity to the right of asylum); and the Parliament and the Council of State. Prime Minister Xavier Bettel hailed the amendments as a significant step towards updating and modernising the constitution. The new constitution is planned to come into force in the summer of 2023. The reforms would reflect the reduced role of the Grand Duke, which is today largely ceremonial, in Luxembourg’s institutional practice, and seeks to strengthen parliamentary oversight mechanisms and reinforce judicial independence.

Explore past monthly event reports

GSoD Indices Data 2013-2022

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Basic Information

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Population Tooltip
639 070
System of government
Parliamentary system
Head of government
Prime Minister Luc Frieden (since 2023)
Head of government party
Christian Social People's Party (CSV)
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
List Proportional Representation
Women in lower or single chamber
33.3%
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
2023
Effective number of political parties Tooltip
5.58
Head of state
Grand Duke Henri
Selection process for head of state
Hereditary or election by hereditary state rulers
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
04/05/2023
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
54.22% (2018)
Population Tooltip
639 070
System of government
Parliamentary system
Head of government
Prime Minister Luc Frieden (since 2023)
Head of government party
Christian Social People's Party (CSV)
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
List Proportional Representation
Women in lower or single chamber
33.3%
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
2023
Effective number of political parties Tooltip
5.58
Head of state
Grand Duke Henri
Selection process for head of state
Hereditary or election by hereditary state rulers
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
04/05/2023
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
54.22% (2018)
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Human Rights Treaties

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State Party State party
Signatory Signatory
No Action No action
United Nations Human Right Treaties
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
State Party
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
State Party
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
State Party
Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
State Party
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
State Party
Convention on the Rights of the Child
State Party
International Convention on Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
No Action
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 
State Party
International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
State Party
International Labour Organisation Treaties
Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention
State Party
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
State Party
Equal Remuneration Convention
State Party
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
State Party
Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
State Party
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
State Party
Regional Treaties
Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
State Party
Protocol to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
State Party
Protocol No. 4 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
State Party
Protocol No. 6 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
State Party
Protocol No. 7 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
State Party
Protocol No. 12 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
State Party
Protocol No. 13 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
State Party
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Performance by category over the last 6 months

Representation neutral Representation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rights
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rule of law
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Participation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024

Global State of Democracy Indices

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Explore the indices
Representation
Representation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rights
Rights
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rule of Law
Rule of Law
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Participation
Participation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Annual value

Factors of Democratic Performance Over Time

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