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Venezuela

Monthly Event Reports

August 2023 | Supreme Court orders government intervention in Venezuelan Red Cross

After the country’s ruling party accused the Venezuelan Red Cross of conspiring against the Bolivarian revolution and mistreating its employees and volunteers, Venezuela’s Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia) ordered a restructuring of the organization. It named a businessman, close to Maduro’s government to lead the board that will administer the Red Cross’s assets and work on its ‘modernization’. It further announced the previous president and board members could be the subject of a prosecution. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies has expressed its concern over the government’s intervention in its Venezuelan chapter and emphasized that its own mechanisms are able to address allegations of internal misconduct. 

March 2023 | Court ruling decriminalizes gay sex in the military

A ruling by the Supreme Court’s Constitutional Chamber decriminalized gay sex in the military, by annulling a provision from the Military Justice Code that penalized same sex with up to three years imprisonment. The Chamber concluded that the provision was vague and contravened both the country’s constitution as well as the principle of progressiveness of human rights. LGBTQIA+ rights activists had called for the elimination of such provision and have characterized the decision as meaningful but have also highlighted that the country has yet to address other discriminatory legislation and marriage equality. 

December 2022 | Opposition votes to end Juan Guaido’s “interim government”

The “interim" or parallel government, established by the main opposition parties in Venezuela, and recognised by a number of countries internationally, after the 2018 elections were discredited, was ended in a vote held on 22 December. Juan Guaido’s mandate as “interim president” was concluded, with supportive political parties arguing the unviability of a strategy that relies on symbolic leadership and the non-recognition of Nicolas Maduro as president. Some members of the opposition have also argued the need to concentrate efforts in ensuring that the 2024 elections are free and fair, including through the dialogue and negotiations with Maduro’s government that resumed last month with the facilitation of Norway.

November 2022 | Government and the opposition renew dialogue

An agreement reached between the Venezuelan government and the opposition will allow for assets previously frozen due to international sanctions to be used to finance social projects. The agreement was facilitated by Norway. Both the international community and the opposition leader, Juan Guaido, have expressed their hope that the agreement could serve as a step to ensure that the 2024 elections in Venezuela meet the minimum conditions to be free and fair.

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GSoD Indices Data 2013-2022

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Basic Information

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Population Tooltip
28 704 947
System of government
Presidential system
Head of government
President Nicolás Maduro (since 2019)
Head of government party
United Socialist Party of Venezuela
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
Parallel
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
2020
Effective number of political parties Tooltip
1.94
Head of state
President Nicolás Maduro
Selection process for head of state
Direct election
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
25/01/2022
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
67.38%
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Human Rights Treaties

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State Party State party
Signatory Signatory
No Action No action
United Nations Human Right Treaties
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
State Party
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
State Party
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
State Party
Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
State Party
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
State Party
Convention on the Rights of the Child
State Party
International Convention on Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
State Party
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 
Signatory
International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
State Party
International Labour Organisation Treaties
Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention
State Party
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
State Party
Equal Remuneration Convention
State Party
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
State Party
Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
State Party
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
State Party
Regional Treaties
American Convention on Human Rights
State Party
Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
State Party
in
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Categories of Democratic Performance

Representation neutral Representation
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Representation neutral Rights
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Representation neutral Rule of law
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Representation neutral Participation
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Global State of Democracy Indices

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Explore the indices
Representation
Representation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rights
Rights
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rule of Law
Rule of Law
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Participation
Participation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Annual value

Factors of Democratic Performance Over Time

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