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Eritrea

Monthly Event Reports

June 2023 | UN report describes deteriorating human rights situation in Eritrea

In a report delivered to the United Nations Human Rights Council on 20 June, the Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in Eritrea described a deterioration in freedom of religion in the country. The report, which covered the period between April 2022 and April 2023, detailed ‘renewed waves of arrests’ of adherents of denominations not recognised by the state and of religious leaders critical of the country’s human rights record. It estimated that at the end of the reporting period over 400 Christians were being arbitrarily detained. Elsewhere, the report described an upsurge in forced conscriptions into the military between mid- and late 2022, which was carried out using increasingly coercive methods, including the torture and forced eviction of families of draft dodgers. The upsurge was driven by Eritrea’s involvement in the war in Ethiopia’s Tigray province that was formally ended by a peace deal signed in November 2022.

October 2022 | UN: Eritrea’s human rights situation has deteriorated since Ethiopian war

A report from the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Eritrea to the UN General Assembly, found that the country’s involvement in the war in Tigray, Ethiopia, has negatively impacted its human rights situation. It noted in particular that the increased militarization of the country has prompted a rise in forced conscriptions. Amongst the forced recruits are growing numbers of children and Eritrean refugees kidnapped from Ethiopia. The Special Rapporteur also reported that the arrest of at least 47 Christians has reversed a positive trend in freedom of religion. Civic and democratic space remains tightly closed, with Eritreans unable to express dissent or participate in decision-making and hundreds subject to prolonged and arbitrary detention. According to the report, no attempts had been made by the government to tackle impunity and victims of human rights abuses continue to be denied access to justice. 

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GSoD Indices Data 2013-2022

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Basic Information

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Population Tooltip
3 213 970
System of government
Presidential system
Head of government
President Isaias Afwerki (since 1993)
Head of government party
People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ)
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
No direct elections
Women in lower or single chamber
Not applicable
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
1994
Head of state
President Isaias Afwerki
Selection process for head of state
Indirect election (assembly)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
28/01/2019
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
50.19%
Population Tooltip
3 213 970
System of government
Presidential system
Head of government
President Isaias Afwerki (since 1993)
Head of government party
People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ)
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
No direct elections
Women in lower or single chamber
Not applicable
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
1994
Head of state
President Isaias Afwerki
Selection process for head of state
Indirect election (assembly)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
28/01/2019
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
50.19%
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Human Rights Treaties

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State Party State party
Signatory Signatory
No Action No action
United Nations Human Right Treaties
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
State Party
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
State Party
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
State Party
Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
State Party
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
State Party
Convention on the Rights of the Child
State Party
International Convention on Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
No Action
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 
No Action
International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
No Action
International Labour Organisation Treaties
Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention
State Party
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
State Party
Equal Remuneration Convention
State Party
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
State Party
Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
State Party
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
State Party
Regional Treaties
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
State Party
in
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Performance by category over the last 6 months

Representation neutral Representation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rights
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rule of law
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Participation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024

Global State of Democracy Indices

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Explore the indices
Representation
Representation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rights
Rights
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rule of Law
Rule of Law
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Participation
Participation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Annual value

Factors of Democratic Performance Over Time

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0 10