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Mozambique

Monthly Event Reports

October 2023 | Opposition parties allege fraud in local elections as Constitutional Council considers annulling some results

Elections for the 65 municipal governments across Mozambique took place on 11 October. According to the official results from the National Election Commission (Comissão Nacional de Eleições, CNE) the ruling FRELIMO party won control of 64 of the 65 municipal governments. The main opposition party Mozambican National Resistance (Resistência Nacional Moçambicana, RENAMO) did not win the majority of the votes in any municipality, losing control of 8 municipalities they previously held. RENAMO has alleged massive fraud and filed a number of appeals with district courts and most of those cases now rest in the hands of the Constitutional Council, which is the body in charge of deciding electoral litigation in last instance as well as validating the final results. Renamo also called on its supporters to join demonstrations against the electoral results in some municipalities, especially in the capital city, Maputo, where Renamo alleges to have won. Police have responded to some demonstrations with force, using tear gas, firing automatic weapons into the air, and arresting dozens of people. At least two people are reported to have been killed. Civil society groups have suggested that there is evidence that votes were changed to benefit FRELIMO in several municipalities. On 28 November the Constitutional Council certified the electoral results in almost all municipalities, but mandated new electoral processes in four municipalities.   

March 2023 | Peaceful march in memory of deceased musician repressed

One of Mozambique’s most popular politically active musicians died at home from medical complications on 9 March. Edson da Luz, known professionally as Azagaia, frequently criticized the government in his lyrics, and had a wide following. Peaceful marches in his memory were held in several cities on 18 March. In Maputo, police prevented the marchers from continuing on a planned route that would have passed the presidential residence. They then dispersed the marchers using tear gas and rubber bullets. Police subsequently arrested seven of the marchers and were reported to have threatened others.

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GSoD Indices Data 2013-2022

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Basic Information

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Population Tooltip
32 163 040
System of government
Presidential system
Head of government
President Filipe Nyusi (since 2015)
Head of government party
FRELIMO
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
List Proportional Representation
Women in lower or single chamber
42.4%
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
2019
Effective number of political parties Tooltip
1.79
Head of state
President Filipe Nyusi
Selection process for head of state
Direct election (two-round majority)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
04/05/2021
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
88.72%
Population Tooltip
32 163 040
System of government
Presidential system
Head of government
President Filipe Nyusi (since 2015)
Head of government party
FRELIMO
Electoral system for lower or single chamber
List Proportional Representation
Women in lower or single chamber
42.4%
Women in upper chamber
Not applicable
Last legislative election
2019
Effective number of political parties Tooltip
1.79
Head of state
President Filipe Nyusi
Selection process for head of state
Direct election (two-round majority)
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) date
04/05/2021
Latest Universal Periodic Review (UPR) percentage of recommendations supported
88.72%
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Human Rights Treaties

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State Party State party
Signatory Signatory
No Action No action
United Nations Human Right Treaties
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
State Party
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
No Action
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
State Party
Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
State Party
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment
State Party
Convention on the Rights of the Child
State Party
International Convention on Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
State Party
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance 
Signatory
International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
State Party
International Labour Organisation Treaties
Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention
State Party
Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining Convention
State Party
Equal Remuneration Convention
State Party
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention
State Party
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention
State Party
Convention concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment
State Party
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention
State Party
Regional Treaties
African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
State Party
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Performance by category over the last 6 months

Representation neutral Representation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rights
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Rule of law
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024
Representation neutral Participation
Sep 2023
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb 2024

Global State of Democracy Indices

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Representation
Representation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rights
Rights
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Rule of Law
Rule of Law
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Participation
Participation
0
/1
high 0.7-1.0
mid 0.4-0.7
low 0.0-0.4
Annual value

Factors of Democratic Performance Over Time

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0 10