Voting from Abroad Database

Election type

Theme	Voting from Abroad Database
Description	Type of an election for which voting from abroad is allowed.

Breakdown by continent

Continent	No data	Legislative	Referendums	Presidential	Sub-national	In transition	No external voting	European Parliamentary elections	No provisions for direct elections	Other	Countries researched
Africa	0 (0.0%)	28 (51.9%)	19 (35.2%)	32 (59.3%)	1 (1.9%)	0 (0.0%)	13 (24.1%)	0 (0.0%)	2 (3.7%)	1 (1.9%)	54
Americas	0 (0.0%)	17 (40.5%)	9 (21.4%)	19 (45.2%)	3 (7.1%)	0 (0.0%)	15 (35.7%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	10 (23.8%)	42
Asia	0 (0.0%)	27 (56.3%)	15 (31.3%)	18 (37.5%)	3 (6.3%)	0 (0.0%)	12 (25.0%)	0 (0.0%)	4 (8.3%)	1 (2.1%)	48
Europe	0 (0.0%)	44 (91.7%)	27 (56.3%)	21 (43.8%)	11 (22.9%)	0 (0.0%)	4 (8.3%)	12 (25.0%)	0 (0.0%)	14 (29.2%)	48
Oceania	0 (0.0%)	10 (62.5%)	7 (43.8%)	1 (6.3%)	4 (25.0%)	0 (0.0%)	6 (37.5%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	0 (0.0%)	16
Other	1 (10.0%)	5 (50.0%)	1 (10.0%)	1 (10.0%)	1 (10.0%)	0 (0.0%)	3 (30.0%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (10.0%)	0 (0.0%)	10
Total	1	131	78	92	23	0	53	12	7	26	218

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Country	Year	Value (Text)	Details
Afghanistan	2019	No external voting	View
Albania	2025	Legislative	View
Algeria	2012	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Andorra	2014	Legislative	View
Angola	2022	Presidential Legislative	View
Anguilla	2020	No external voting	View
Antigua and Barbuda	2023	No external voting	View
Argentina	2021	Presidential Legislative Senate Mercosur	View
Armenia	2016	Legislative Referendums	View
Aruba	2021	No external voting	View
Australia	1990	Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Austria	1990	Presidential Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Azerbaijan	2003	Presidential Referendums	View
Bahamas	2007	No external voting	View
Bahrain	2002	Legislative Referendums	View
Bangladesh	1972	Legislative	View
Barbados	1971	Legislative	View
Belarus	2025	Legislative Referendums Presidential	View
Belgium	1998	Legislative European Parliamentary elections	View
Belize	1998	Legislative Referendums	View
Benin	2007	Presidential	View
Bermuda	2025	No external voting	View
Bhutan	2008	Legislative Referendums	View
Bolivia	2009	Presidential Referendums Recall	View
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2001	Presidential Legislative Sub-national	View
Botswana	1997	Legislative	View
Brazil	1965	Presidential	View
Brunei Darussalam	2018	No provisions for direct elections	View
Bulgaria	2021	Presidential Legislative European Parliamentary elections	View
Burkina Faso	2020	Presidential Referendums	View
Burundi	2019	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Cabo Verde	1999	Presidential Legislative	View
Cambodia	2023	No external voting	View
Cameroon	2011	Presidential Referendums	View
Canada	2025	Federal Legislative Referendums Presidential	View
Cayman Islands	2025	Legislative	View
Central African Republic	2009	Presidential Referendums	View
Chad	2019	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Chile	2015	Presidential Referendums	View
China	2018	No provisions for direct elections	View
Colombia	1991	Presidential Legislative Senate	View
Comoros	2010	Presidential Referendums	View
Congo, Democratic Republic of	2015	Presidential	View
Cook Islands	2004	Legislative	View
Costa Rica	2022	Presidential Referendums	View
Croatia	1999	Presidential	View
Cuba	2012	No external voting	View
Cyprus	2011	Presidential Legislative European Parliamentary elections	View
Cyprus (North)	2022	No external voting	View
Czechia	2013	Presidential Legislative	View
Côte d'Ivoire	2000	Presidential	View
Denmark	2007	Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Djibouti	1992	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Dominica	2019	No external voting	View
Dominican Republic	2016	Presidential Legislative	View
Ecuador	2025	Legislative Presidential Andian Parliamentary elections	View
Egypt	2020	Presidential Referendums Senate Elections	View
El Salvador	2024	Legislative Presidential	View
Equatorial Guinea	2022	Presidential Legislative	View
Eritrea	2018	No provisions for direct elections	View
Estonia	2020	Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Eswatini	2013	Legislative	View
Ethiopia	2021	No external voting	View
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	1988	Legislative Referendums	View
Fiji	2022	Legislative	View
Finland	2017	Presidential Legislative European Parliamentary elections	View
France	2020	Presidential Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections Some seats in the Senate	View
Gabon	1998	Presidential Referendums	View
Georgia	2020	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Germany	1985	Legislative European Parliamentary elections	View
Ghana	2020	Presidential Legislative	View
Gibraltar	2023	Legislative	View
Greece	2024	Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Greenland	2007	Legislative Sub-national	View
Grenada	2007	No external voting	View
Guatemala	2016	Presidential	View
Guernsey	1972	Legislative	View
Guinea	2007	Presidential Legislative	View
Guinea-Bissau	1998	Legislative	View
Guyana	1964	Legislative	View
Haiti	2017	No external voting	View
Holy See (Vatican City State)	2018	No provisions for direct elections	View
Honduras	2004	Presidential	View
Hungary	2013	Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Iceland	2000	Presidential Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
India	1961	Legislative	View
Indonesia	1955	Presidential Legislative	View
Iran, Islamic Republic of	1985	Presidential Sub-national Referendums	View
Iraq	2008	Legislative	View
Ireland	1923	Presidential Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Isle of Man	2020	Legislative Sub-national	View
Israel	1969	Legislative	View
Italy	2002	Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections Some seats in the Senate	View
Jamaica	2007	No external voting	View
Japan	2025	Legislative	View
Jersey	2002	Legislative	View
Jordan	2020	No external voting	View
Kazakhstan	1995	Presidential Legislative Sub-national	View
Kenya	2022	Presidential Referendums	View
Kiribati	2020	No external voting	View
Korea, Dem. People's Republic of	2019	No external voting	View
Korea, Republic of	2007	No external voting	View
Kosovo	2025	Legislative	View
Kuwait	2023	No external voting	View
Kyrgyzstan	2020	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Lao People's Dem. Republic	2006	Legislative	View
Latvia	2004	Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Lebanon	2008	Legislative	View
Lesotho	1992	Legislative	View
Liberia	2004	No external voting	View
Libya	2014	Legislative	View
Liechtenstein	1973	Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Lithuania	2003	Presidential Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Luxembourg	2005	Legislative Sub-national Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Madagascar	2007	No external voting	View
Malawi	2025	No external voting	View
Malaysia	2022	Legislative Sub-national	View
Maldives	2023	Legislative Presidential	View
Mali	2006	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Malta	2022	No external voting	View
Marshall Islands	2023	Legislative Referendums	View
Mauritania	2007	No external voting	View
Mauritius	1976	Legislative	View
Mexico	2014	Presidential Sub-national Referendums Senate	View
Micronesia, Federated States of	2006	Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Moldova, Republic of	1997	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Monaco	2006	Legislative	View
Mongolia	2007	No external voting	View
Montenegro	2023	No external voting	View
Montserrat	2000	Legislative	View
Morocco	2011	Legislative	View
Mozambique	2004	Presidential Legislative	View
Myanmar	2010	Legislative Referendums	View
Namibia	2025	Legislative Presidential	View
Nauru	2004	Legislative Referendums	View
Nepal	2007	No external voting	View
Netherlands	1989	Legislative European Parliamentary elections	View
Netherlands Antilles	2007	No external voting	View
New Zealand	2022	Legislative Referendums Sub-national	View
Nicaragua	2021	Presidential Legislative Central American Parliament	View
Niger	2007	Presidential Referendums	View
Nigeria	2019	No external voting	View
Niue	2007	No external voting	View
No Country	1968	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
North Macedonia, Republic of	2006	No external voting	View
Norway	2025	Legislative Sub-national	View
Oman	2019	Legislative	View
Pakistan	2024	No external voting	View
Palau	1981	Presidential Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Panama	2019	Presidential	View
Papua New Guinea	1997	Legislative	View
Paraguay	2013	Presidential Senatorial Mercosur	View
Peru	1993	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Philippines	2013	Presidential Legislative Referendums Senate	View
Pitcairn Islands	2008	Legislative	View
Poland	2023	Legislative Referendums Presidential European Parliamentary elections The Senate	View
Portugal	1986	Legislative European Parliamentary elections	View
Qatar	2021	No external voting	View
Republic of The Congo (Brazzaville)	2001	No external voting	View
Romania	2015	Presidential Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Russian Federation	2003	Presidential Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Rwanda	2010	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Saint Helena	2007	No external voting	View
Saint Kitts and Nevis	2007	No external voting	View
Saint Lucia	2007	No external voting	View
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	2007	No external voting	View
Samoa	2025	No external voting	View
San Marino	2007	No external voting	View
Saudi Arabia	2018	No provisions for direct elections	View
Senegal	2025	Legislative Referendums Presidential	View
Serbia	2021	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Seychelles	2025	No external voting	View
Sierra Leone	2012	No external voting	View
Singapore	2023	Legislative Presidential	View
Slovakia	2004	Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Slovenia	1992	Presidential Legislative Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Solomon Islands	2024	No external voting	View
Somalia	2022	No provisions for direct elections	View
South Africa	1998	Legislative	View
South Sudan	2011	Referendums	View
Spain	2023	Legislative Referendums Sub-national European Parliamentary elections	View
Sri Lanka	2007	No external voting	View
State of Palestine	2007	No external voting	View
Sudan	2008	Presidential Referendums	View
Suriname	2007	No external voting	View
Sweden	2005	Legislative Sub-national Referendums European Parliamentary elections	View
Switzerland	2023	Legislative Referendums Sub-national	View
Syrian Arab Republic	2020	Presidential	View
São Tomé and Príncipe	1990	Presidential Legislative	View
Taiwan	2007	No external voting	View
Tajikistan	1994	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Tanzania, United Republic of	2020	No external voting	View
Thailand	2018	Legislative	View
The Gambia	2022	No external voting	View
Timor-Leste	2022	Presidential Legislative	View
Togo	2007	Presidential Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Tokelau	2020	No data	View
Tonga	2012	No external voting	View
Trinidad and Tobago	2007	No external voting	View
Tunisia	2022	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Turkey	2008	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Turkmenistan	2012	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Turks and Caicos Islands	2007	No external voting	View
Tuvalu	2007	No external voting	View
Uganda	2007	No external voting	View
Ukraine	2013	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
United Arab Emirates	2023	No provisions for direct elections	View
United Kingdom	2022	Legislative Referendums	View
United States	2000	Presidential Legislative Sub-national Referendums	View
Uruguay	2025	No external voting	View
Uzbekistan	1991	Presidential Legislative Referendums	View
Vanuatu	1982	Legislative Referendums	View
Venezuela	2018	Presidential	View
Viet Nam	2021	No external voting	View
Virgin Islands, British	2023	No external voting	View
Yemen	2001	Presidential Referendums	View
Zambia	2021	No external voting	View
Zimbabwe	2012	Presidential Legislative	View

Total number of countries in selected sample: 218

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Voting from Abroad Database

Election type

Breakdown by continent

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