Explore the evolving landscape of digital campaigning and its impact on political finance. This report examines key challenges and opportunities in regulating online fundraising, spending and transparency. Building on insights and findings from various case studies—Albania, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Chile, the European Union, India, Kosovo, Latvia, Mexico, Montenegro, Nigeria and the United States—it offers practical lessons and best practices for regulators, civil society and political stakeholders. A vital resource for navigating the field of digitalization of political finance.

Details

Publication date
23 June 2025
Language(s)
English
Author(s)
Wouter Wolfs. Editors: Yukihiko Hamada and Khushbu Agrawal
Number of pages
242
ISBN
978-91-7671-946-6 (PDF)
978-91-7671-947-3 (HTML)

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Contents

Executive summary

Introduction

1. Current landscape of online campaign finance

2. Regulatory framework governing online campaign finance

3. Oversight of online campaign finance

4. The role of online platforms

5. Main regulatory challenges and future outlook

6. Conclusion and recommendations

References

CASE STUDIES

7. Case study: Albania (2024)

8. Case study: Belgium (2023)

9. Case study: Brazil (2023)

10. Case study: Chile (2024)

11. Case study: European Union (2024)

12. Case study: India (2024)
Annex 12.A. Voluntary Code of Ethics for the General Elections 2019

13. Case study: Latvia (2022)

14. Case study: Mexico (2023)

15. Case study: Nigeria (2024)

16. Case study: United States (2024)

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Political Finance in the Digital Age: Towards Evidence-Based Reforms

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