Migration is deeply woven into Pacific life, yet many citizens who study, work or settle abroad remain excluded when elections take place at home. This report examines that democratic gap. It compares legal provisions and electoral practices across Pacific countries and shows how current arrangements either enable or prevent voting by citizens outside their constituency or country. Using recent referendums and national elections as reference points, it explains why mobility has increased while enfranchisement has not.

The report identifies the legal, operational and political barriers that limit reform and outlines practical, context-specific pathways to expand participation without compromising electoral integrity. It highlights where incremental approaches, regional cooperation and engagement with diaspora communities can reduce costs and build trust. The publication is intended for policymakers, electoral management bodies, development partners and civil society actors seeking to design credible and workable mechanisms to ensure that Pacific citizens remain represented, wherever they live.