This global methodology provides a structured, in-depth framework for analysing the enablers and incentives behind election-related foreign information manipulation and interference (FIMI). Developed with and for civil society actors, it is designed to support context-specific research, strengthen analytical capacity and inform practical responses to FIMI threats that undermine democratic processes.

Drawing on expert insights, real-world examples and global research, the methodology is structured around two main analytical pillars: enablers—the political, social, cultural, technological, media and legal conditions that allow FIMI to take root; and incentives—the economic, strategic and operational factors that make FIMI appealing and profitable to malign actors. Each factor is accompanied by real-world examples, explanatory notes and guiding research questions to support users in identifying the most relevant risks and vulnerabilities in their own contexts.

By mapping these drivers of electoral FIMI across diverse settings, the methodology aims to build a stronger evidence base, foster cross-sector collaboration and equip civil society to develop tailored evidence-based responses that enhance electoral integrity and democratic resilience.