The Global State of Democracy Indices: Technical Procedures Guide
The Global State of Democracy is a report that aims to provide policymakers with an evidence-based analysis of the state of global democracy, supported by the Global State of Democracy (GSoD) Indices, in order to inform policy interventions and identify problem-solving approaches to trends affecting the quality of democracy around the world.
This document describes the procedures used to construct Version 8 of the GSoD Indices, which depicts democratic trends at the country, regional and global levels across a broad range of different attributes of democracy in the period 1975–2023.
The data underlying the GSoD Indices is based on a total of 165 indicators developed by various scholars and organizations using different approaches, including expert surveys, standards-based coding by research groups and analysts, observational data and composite measures.
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About this document
Introduction
1. Data sources
2. Coverage
3. Indicators
4. Assessing the unidimensionality of the Indices
5. Aggregating the indicators into Indices
6. Scaling
7. Confidence intervals
8. Validity checks
Conclusion
References
Annex A. Sources
Annex B. Countries, regions and subregions included in International IDEA’s GSoD Indices
Annex C. Regional organizations included in the data set
Annex D. Attributes, subattributes and indicators
Annex E. Dimensionality tests, factor loadings and Cronbach’s alpha values
Annex F. Item–item correlations
Annex G. Comparisons with extant measures
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