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This report delivers a comprehensive review of out-of-country campaign regulations across all 27 EU Member States. It synthesises legislative analyses, international standards and interviews to map rules on campaign events, media and public gatherings beyond national borders.

Czechia is a multiparty parliamentary democracy, with a prime minister as head of the government and a president as head of state. The president, the parliament, and local and municipal councils are directly elected by the people. The electoral management body (EMB) follows a governmental model, with the permanent state-level Election Commission presided over by the minister of the interior.