ICTs in Elections Database

If e-voting is currently being used, what type(s) of technology used?

Theme E-voting

Breakdown by continent

Continent No data Not specified Not applicable Internet voting systems Electronic ballot printers (EBPs) Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) Other Countries researched
Africa 0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
49
(98.0%)
0
(0.0%)
1
(2.0%)
0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
50
Americas 0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
13
(52.0%)
4
(16.0%)
1
(4.0%)
2
(8.0%)
6
(24.0%)
5
(20.0%)
25
Asia 0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
31
(72.1%)
3
(7.0%)
0
(0.0%)
3
(7.0%)
4
(9.3%)
2
(4.7%)
43
Europe 0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
37
(84.1%)
4
(9.1%)
1
(2.3%)
1
(2.3%)
4
(9.1%)
0
(0.0%)
44
Oceania 0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
12
(80.0%)
2
(13.3%)
1
(6.7%)
0
(0.0%)
1
(6.7%)
0
(0.0%)
15
Other 0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
1
(100.0%)
0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
0
(0.0%)
1
Total 0 0 143 13 4 6 15 7 178

Country Answers

Country Year Value (Text) Details
Afghanistan 2018 Not applicable
Albania 2021 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Algeria 2021 Not applicable
Andorra 2019 Not applicable
Angola 2022 Not applicable
Argentina 2021 Electronic ballot printers (EBPs)
Armenia 2021 Internet voting systems
Australia 2022 Internet voting systems
Austria 2019 Not applicable
Azerbaijan 2020 Not applicable
Bahrain 2022 Not applicable
Bangladesh 2018 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Belarus 2020 Not applicable
Belgium 2019 Electronic ballot printers (EBPs)
Belize 2018 Not applicable
Benin 2021 Not applicable
Bhutan 2018 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Bolivia 2019 Not applicable
Bosnia and Herzegovina 2018 Not applicable
Botswana 2014 Not applicable
Brazil 2022 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Bulgaria 2023 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Burkina Faso 2020 Not applicable
Burundi 2020 Not applicable
Cambodia 2015 Not applicable
Cameroon 2020 Not applicable
Canada 2019 Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Internet voting systems
Central African Republic 2020 Not applicable
Chad 2021 Not applicable
Chile 2021 Not applicable
Colombia 2022 Not applicable
Comoros 2020 Not applicable
Congo, Democratic Republic of 2018 Electronic ballot printers (EBPs)
Cook Islands 2022 Not applicable
Costa Rica 2022 Not applicable
Croatia 2020 Not applicable
Cuba 2023 Not applicable
Cyprus 2021 Not applicable
Czechia 2021 Not applicable
Côte d'Ivoire 2020 Not applicable
Denmark 2022 Not applicable
Djibouti 2021 Not applicable
Dominican Republic 2017 Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Ecuador 2021 Internet voting systems
See also the source/comments sections
Egypt 2018 Not applicable
El Salvador 2024 Internet voting systems
Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Equatorial Guinea 2014 Not applicable
Eritrea 2014 Not applicable
Estonia 2021 Internet voting systems
Eswatini 2014 Not applicable
Ethiopia 2021 Not applicable
Fiji 2018 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Electronic ballot printers (EBPs)
Finland 2023 Not applicable
France 2022 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Internet voting systems
Gabon 2017 Not applicable
Georgia 2020 Not applicable
Germany 2021 Not applicable
Ghana 2020 Not applicable
Greece 2023 Not applicable
Guatemala 2019 Not applicable
Guinea 2020 Not applicable
Haiti 2017 Not applicable
Honduras 2021 Not applicable
Hong Kong 2021 Not applicable
Hungary 2022 Not applicable
Iceland 2020 Not applicable
India 2019 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Indonesia 2019 Not applicable
Iran, Islamic Republic of 2021 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Iraq 2018 Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Ireland 2020 Not applicable
Israel 2019 Not applicable
Italy 2022 Not applicable
Jamaica 2020 Not applicable
Japan 2018 Not applicable
Jordan 2020 Not applicable
Kazakhstan 2021 Not applicable
Kenya 2022 Not applicable
Kiribati 2016 Not applicable
Korea, Republic of 2022 Internet voting systems
Kosovo 2021 Not applicable
Kuwait 2022 Not applicable
Kyrgyzstan 2020 Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Lao People's Dem. Republic 2016 Not applicable
Latvia 2022 Not applicable
Lebanon 2022 Not applicable
Lesotho 2019 Not applicable
Liberia 2019 Not applicable
Libya 2014 Not applicable
Liechtenstein 2021 Not applicable
Lithuania 2019 Not applicable
Luxembourg 2018 Not applicable
Madagascar 2018 Not applicable
Malawi 2019 Not applicable
Malaysia 2022 Not applicable
Maldives 2019 Not applicable
Mali 2018 Not applicable
Malta 2022 Not applicable
Mauritania 2023 Not applicable
Mauritius 2014 Not applicable
Mexico 2021 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Internet voting systems
Micronesia, Federated States of 2019 Not applicable
Moldova, Republic of 2019 Not applicable
Mongolia 2020 Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR) SMS voting systems
Montenegro 2023 Not applicable
Morocco 2021 Not applicable
Mozambique 2019 Not applicable
Myanmar 2015 Not applicable
Namibia 2024 Not applicable
Nauru 2022 Not applicable
Nepal 2018 Not applicable
Netherlands 2021 Not applicable
New Zealand 2020 Internet voting systems
Nicaragua 2021 Not applicable
Niger 2020 Not applicable
Nigeria 2023 Not applicable
Niue 2020 Not applicable
North Macedonia, Republic of 2019 Not applicable
Norway 2021 Not applicable
Oman 2023 Internet voting systems (including mobile application)
Pakistan 2024 Not applicable
Palau 2017 Not applicable
Panama 2019 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Internet voting systems
Papua New Guinea 2022 Not applicable
Paraguay 2021 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Peru 2020 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Philippines 2022 Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Poland 2019 Not applicable
Portugal 2022 Not applicable
Republic of The Congo (Brazzaville) 2021 Not applicable
Romania 2019 Not applicable
Russian Federation 2021 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Internet voting systems
Rwanda 2018 Not applicable
Samoa 2021 Not applicable
San Marino 2018 Not applicable
Senegal 2022 Not applicable
Serbia 2020 Not applicable
Seychelles 2020 Not applicable
Sierra Leone 2018 Not applicable
Singapore 2020 Not applicable
Slovakia 2020 Not applicable
Slovenia 2022 Not applicable
Solomon Islands 2019 Not applicable
South Africa 2019 Not applicable
South Sudan 2014 Not applicable
Spain 2019 Not applicable
Sri Lanka 2019 Not applicable
State of Palestine 2016 Not applicable
Sudan 2014 Not applicable
Sweden 2022 Not applicable
Switzerland 2023 Internet voting systems
Syrian Arab Republic 2020 Not applicable
Taiwan 2020 Not applicable
Tajikistan 2020 Not applicable
Tanzania, United Republic of 2020 Not applicable
Thailand 2019 Not applicable
The Gambia 2021 Not applicable
Timor-Leste 2022 Not applicable
Togo 2018 Not applicable
Tonga 2019 Not applicable
Trinidad and Tobago 2020 Not applicable
Tunisia 2022 Not applicable
Turkey 2018 Not applicable
Turkmenistan 2018 Not applicable
Tuvalu 2019 Not applicable
Uganda 2021 Not applicable
Ukraine 2019 Not applicable
United Arab Emirates 2019 Internet voting systems
United Kingdom 2018 Not applicable
United States 2018 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) or Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
Some states allow overseas and military voter to send ballots electronically.
Uruguay 2017 Not applicable
Uzbekistan 2021 Not applicable
Vanuatu 2020 Not applicable
Venezuela 2017 Direct recording electronic (DRE) voting machines with and without voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT)
Viet Nam 2021 Not applicable
Yemen 2014 Not applicable
Zambia 2021 Not applicable
Zimbabwe 2023 Not applicable
Total number of countries in selected sample: 178
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