Uruguay held elections on 27 October 2024, electing the president and members of the bicameral General Asssembly. The president is elected by a two-round system. If no candidate receives a majority of the votes in the first round, a run-off takes place between the two leading candidates (International IDEA n.d.a).
Georgia held parliamentary elections on 26 October 2024, electing 150 candidates to the unicameral parliament by list proportional representation (International IDEA n.d.). The responsible authority for organizing elections is the Central Electoral Commission an independent body (CEC n.d.).
The Moldovan president is elected through popular vote, for a maximum of two consecutive four-year terms. If no candidate wins a majority in the first round of voting, there is a second round between the two leading candidates.
Mozambique’s presidential, legislative and provincial elections took place on 9 October 2024. The president is elected by popular vote, after which the president appoints the prime minister. A unicameral parliament, the Assembly of the Republic’s 250 members are elected by proportional representation (Freedom House 2024).
Tunisia’s president is elected through a two-round majority vote. Constitutional changes took place in 2022, giving more power to the president and less to political parties. The 6 October 2024 election was the first presidential election since the new constitution, with three candidates running.
Austria held elections on 29 September 2024 for the National Council, the lower house of parliament. 183 seats are proportionally elected on a five-year term, as well as the Austrian chancellor who is nominated by the President after the elections (Parliament Austria n.d.).
The president of Sri Lanka is directly elected through a supplementary voting system: voters rank at least one, and up to three candidates in order of preference. If a candidate wins an absolute majority, they are declared the winner. If not, a second round is held to determine the winner between the top two, by transferring second or third preferences from candidates eliminated in the first round.
