Turkey

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Question Value
1. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to political parties?
  • CodeYes
  • Commentblank
  • Source
2. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to candidates?
  • CodeYes
  • CommentIt seems the ban may only apply to partisan, not independent, candidates.
  • Source
3. Is there a ban on corporate donations to political parties?
  • CodeNo
  • Commentblank
  • Source
4. Is there a ban on corporate donations to candidates?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
5. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to political parties?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
6. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to candidates?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
7. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to political parties?
  • CodeYes
  • Comment.
  • Source
8. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to candidates?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
9. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to political parties?
10. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to candidates?
11. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to political parties?
12. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to candidates?
13. Is there a ban on the use of state resources in favour or against a political party or candidate?
  • CodeYes
  • Comment
  • Source
14. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period?
  • CodeYes, for both natural and legal persons
  • Comment

    Limit does not apply to certain organisations.

  • Source

    P 10, 'Section 66, paragraph 2 LPP establishes a ceiling for the total amount of donations which may be made by one natural or legal person to a political party in a calendar year, i.e. 23,473 TYR/10,908 EUR in 2009; this amount is increased as of the beginning of every calendar year at a value determined and announced in line with the provisions of the Tax Procedures Law.21 The aforementioned ceiling does not apply to certain organisationsmentioned above (e.g. professional organisations in the form of public institutions, trade unions and employers? associations etc., see paragraph 21 above) which may contribute to political parties in accordance with the special provisions of their founding law.' (Source: GRECO (2010) Evaluation Report on Turkey, Transparency of Party Funding (Theme II))

15. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period, what is the limit?
  • Code Limit is announced every year.
  • Comment.
  • SourceKas?m Erdem (Researcher, Department of Research Services, Grand National Assemblyof Turkey)
16. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election?
17. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election, what is the limit?
  • CodeNot applicable
  • Comment
  • Source
18. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
19. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate, what is the limit?
  • CodeNot applicable
  • Comment
  • Source
20. Is there a limit on the amount a candidate can contribute to their own election campaign?
21. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to political parties?
22. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to candidates?
23. Is there a ban on political parties engaging in commercial activities?
24. Is there a ban on political parties taking loans in relation to election campaigns?
25. Is there a ban on candidates taking loans in relation to election campaigns?
26. Is there a ban on donors to political parties/candidates participating in public tender/procurement processes?
27. Are there provisions requiring donations to go through the banking system?

Question Value
28. Are there provisions for direct public funding to political parties?
  • CodeYes, both regularly and in relation to campaigns
  • Comment
  • Source
29. What are the eligibility criteria for political parties to receive public funding?
  • CodeShare of votes in previous election
  • Comment?3% of valid votes in the last general elections.
  • Source
30. What is the allocation calculation for political parties to receive public funding?
  • CodeProportional to votes received
  • CommentProportional to votes received in previous election.
  • Source
31. What are the provisions on 'ear marking' direct public funding to political parties (how it should be used)?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment
  • Source
32. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for political parties?
  • CodeYes
  • Comment
  • Source
33. What criteria determine allocation for free or subsidized access to media for political parties?
  • CodeOther
  • Comment

    Proportional distribution, exact details unclear.

  • Source
34. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for candidates?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment
  • Source
35. Are there provisions for any other form of indirect public funding?
  • CodeYes
  • Comment.
  • Source
36. Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties tied to gender equality among candidates?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
37. Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source

Question Value
38. Is there a ban on vote buying?
  • CodeYes
  • Comment
  • Source
39. Are there limits on the amount a political party can spend?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
40. If there are limits on the amount a political party can spend, what is the limit?
  • CodeNot applicable
  • Comment
  • Source
41. Are there limits on the amount a candidate can spend?
  • CodeNo
  • Comment.
  • Source
42. If there are limits on the amount a candidate can spend, what is the limit?
  • CodeNot applicable
  • Comment
  • Source
43. Are there limits on the amount that third parties can spend on election campaign activities?
44. Are there limits on traditional media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns?
45. Are there limits on online media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns?
46. Do any other restrictions on online media advertisement (beyond limits) exist?

Question Value
47. Do political parties have to report regularly on their finances?
  • CodeYes
  • CommentThe final accounts of political parties must be prepared so as to illustrate the previous year’s revenues and expenditures.
  • Source
48. Do political parties have to report on their election campaign finances?
  • CodeNo
  • CommentNo specific election-related reports. Campaign finances included in annual reports.
  • Source
49. Do candidates have to report on their election campaign finances?
  • CodeYes
  • CommentApplicable to presidential candidates within ten days after the finalization of election results.
  • Source
50. Do third parties have to report on election campaign finances?
51. Is information in reports from political parties and/or candidates to be made public?
  • CodeYes
  • CommentReports are published in the Official Gazette, printed and online, and on the website of the Constitutional Court.
  • Source
52. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates reveal the identity of donors?
  • CodeYes
  • Comment.
  • Source
53. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized income?
54. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized spending?
55. Which institution(s) receives financial reports from political parties and/or candidates?
  • CodeSpecial agency for political finance | Court | Other
  • CommentConstitutional Court, Office of the Chief Public Prosecutor and the Supreme Election Board.
  • Source
56. Which institution(s) is responsible for examining financial reports and/or investigating violations?
  • CodeCourt
  • Comment

    Constitutional Court

  • Source
57. What power is granted to the institution(s) responsible for examining reports and/or investigating violations?
58. What sanctions are provided for political finance infractions?
  • CodeFines | Prison | Loss of public funding | Deregistration of party | Loss of political rights | Other
  • CommentA warning can be used as a first sanction. Further sanctions range from fines to imprisonment and the deregistration of political parties. Persons can be banned from being nominated as candidates.
  • Source

Disclaimer: Maps presented do not imply on the part of the Institute any judgement on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement of such boundaries, nor does the placement or size of any country or territory reflect the political view of International IDEA. Maps are used in order to add visual clarity to data.