Political Finance Database

Moldova, Republic of

Moldova, Republic of

Bans and limits on private income
Public funding
Regulations of spending
Reporting, oversight and sanctions
Question Value
1. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to political parties?
Code
Yes
Source

(6) It is prohibited the financing, the provision of services free of charge or the material support in any form, direct and / or indirect, of political parties by: […]
c) foreign citizens, stateless persons, anonymous persons or those who donate on behalf of third parties;[...]
f) legal entities with foreign or mixed capital, legal entities from abroad;
g) other states and international organizations, including international political organizations; […}
Source: Art. 26(6), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

2. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to candidates?
Code
Yes
Source

(1) It is forbidden to finance, as well as material support in any form, the initiative groups, the electoral campaigns of the candidates and the electoral contestants by other states, by foreign, international and mixed enterprises, institutions and organizations, as well as by natural persons who are not citizens of the Republic of Moldova. The sums thus received are confiscated by decision of the court and are made revenue to the state budget according to the provisions of the criminal and contravention legislation.
Source: Art. 39(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties,initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by:
a) legal persons from abroad, including those with mixed capital, by other states or international organizations, including international political organizations;[…]
g) natural persons who are not citizens of the Republic of Moldova;
Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

3. Is there a ban on corporate donations to political parties?
Code
No
Comment

There is no ban on corporate donations to political parties. However, the limit on the amount of the donation as well as the limitation of the types of legal entities applies.

Source

(5) The donations made by a legal person to one or more political parties in a budget year

may not exceed the sum of 12 average monthly salaries per economy established for the

respective year. The legal person making a cash donation to a political party must present the

decision of its competent bodies regarding the donation, record the donation and reflect it in its accounting reports, as well as inform its shareholders or members about the operations

performed.
(6) It is prohibited the financing, the provision of services free of charge or the material
support in any form, direct and / or indirect, of political parties by: […]
d) public authorities, organizations, enterprises, public institutions, other legal entities financed from the public budget or which have state capital, except in cases where the provision of services or material support is expressly provided by law;
e) legal entities that, at the date of making the donation, have outstanding debts older than 60 days to the state budget, to the state social insurance budget or to the compulsory health insurance fund;
e(1)) legal entities that, in the last 3 years, have concluded public procurement contracts for works, goods or services within the meaning of Law no. 131/2015 on public procurement;
f) legal entities with foreign or mixed capital, legal entities from abroad;
g) other states and international organizations, including international political organizations;
h) non-commercial, trade union, charitable or religious organizations.
Source: Art. 26(5-6), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

4. Is there a ban on corporate donations to candidates?
Code
No
Comment

There is no ban on corporate donations to political parties. However, the limit on the amount of the donation as well as the limitation of the types of legal entities applies.

Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties,initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by:
a) legal persons from abroad, including those with mixed capital, by other states or international organizations, including international political organizations;[…]
d) public authorities, organizations, enterprises, public institutions, other legal entities financed from the public budget or which have state capital, except in cases where the provision of services or material support is expressly provided by law;
e) legal entities that, in the last three years before the beginning of the electoral period, have concluded public procurement contracts for works, goods or services within the meaning of Law no. 131/2015 on public procurement, as well as by legal entities with foreign or mixed capital;
Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

5. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to political parties?
Code
Yes
Source

(6) It is prohibited the financing, the provision of services free of charge or the material support in any form, direct and / or indirect, of political parties by: […]
h) non-commercial, trade union, charitable or religious organizations.
Source: Art. 26(6), Law on Political Parties, 2007
(amended 2020)

6. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to candidates?
Code
Yes
Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties,initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by:
h) non-commercial, trade union, charitable or religious organizations.
Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

7. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to political parties?
Code
Yes
Source

(6) It is prohibited the financing, the provision of services free of charge or the material
support in any form, direct and / or indirect, of political parties by: […]
c) foreign citizens, stateless persons, anonymous persons or those who donate on behalf of third parties;
Source: Art. 26(6), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

8. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to candidates?
Code
Yes
Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties,initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by:[…]
f) anonymous persons or on behalf of third parties;.

Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

9. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to political parties?
Code
Yes
Source

(6) It is prohibited the financing, the provision of services free of charge or the material support in any form, direct and / or indirect, of political parties by: […]
e(1)) legal entities that, in the last 3 years, have concluded public procurement contracts for works, goods or services within the meaning of Law no. 131/2015 on public procurement;
Source: Art. 26(6), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

10. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to candidates?
Code
Yes
Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties,initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by: […]
d) public authorities, organizations, enterprises, public institutions, other legal entities financed from the public budget or which have state capital, except in cases where the provision of services or material support is expressly provided by law;
Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

11. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to political parties?
Code
Yes
Source

(6) It is prohibited the financing, the provision of services free of charge or the material support in any form, direct and / or indirect, of political parties by: […]
d) public authorities, organizations, enterprises, public institutions, other legal entities financed from the public budget or which have state capital, except in cases where the provision of services or material support is expressly provided by law;
Source: Art. 26(6), Law on Political Parties, 2007
(amended 2020)

12. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to candidates?
Code
Yes
Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties, initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by: […]
d) public authorities, organizations, enterprises, public institutions, other legal entities financed from the public budget or which have state capital, except in cases where the provision of services or material support is expressly provided by law;
Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

13. Is there a ban on the use of state resources in favour or against a political party or candidate?
Code
Yes
Source

(7) Candidates may not use public means and goods (administrative resources) in electoral campaigns, and public authorities / institutions and those assimilated to them may not transmit / grant to electoral contestants public goods or other favors except on the basis of a contract, on equal terms. for all electoral contestants.
Source: Art. 52(7), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

14. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period?
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Source

(4) An individual may make donations to one or more political parties. Donations made by a natural person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with incomes obtained abroad, the amount of donations may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with a position of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, the amount of donations may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.[…]
(5) The donations made by a legal person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 12 average monthly salaries per economy established for the respective year. The legal person making a cash donation to a political party must present the decision of its competent bodies regarding the donation, record the donation and reflect it in its accounting reports, as well as inform its shareholders or members about the operations performed.
Source: Art. 26(4-5), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

15. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during a non-election specific period, what is the limit?
Code
6/12 average monthly salaries
Comment

Donations made by a natural person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.

The donations made by a legal person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 12 average monthly salaries per economy established for the respective year.

Source

(4) An individual may make donations to one or more political parties. Donations made by a natural person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with incomes obtained abroad, the amount of donations may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with a position of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, the amount of donations may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.[…]
(5) The donations made by a legal person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 12 average monthly salaries per economy established for the respective year. The legal person making a cash donation to a political party must present the decision of its competent bodies regarding the donation, record the donation and reflect it in its accounting reports, as well as inform its shareholders or members about the operations performed.
Source: Art. 26(4-5), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

16. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election?
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Source

(2) The financing of the initiative groups and of the electoral campaigns of the electoral contestants by natural or legal persons shall be carried out in compliance with the following conditions: […]
e) the donation ceilings in the “Electoral Fund” account for an electoral campaign constitute 6 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the natural persons and, respectively, 12 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the legal persons; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with income obtained abroad, this ceiling may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with positions of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, this ceiling may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.
Source: Art. 41(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

17. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party during an election, what is the limit?
Code
6/12 average monthly salaries
Source

(2) The financing of the initiative groups and of the electoral campaigns of the electoral contestants by natural or legal persons shall be carried out in compliance with the following conditions: […]
e) the donation ceilings in the “Electoral Fund” account for an electoral campaign constitute 6 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the natural persons and, respectively, 12 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the legal persons; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with income obtained abroad, this ceiling may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with positions of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, this ceiling may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.
Source: Art. 41(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

18. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate?
Code
Yes, for both natural and legal persons
Source

(2) The financing of the initiative groups and of the electoral campaigns of the electoral contestants by natural or legal persons shall be carried out in compliance with the following conditions: […]
e) the donation ceilings in the “Electoral Fund” account for an electoral campaign constitute 6 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the natural persons and, respectively, 12 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the legal persons; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with income obtained abroad, this ceiling may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with positions of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, this ceiling may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.
Source: Art. 41(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

19. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate, what is the limit?
Code
6/12 average monthly salaries
Source

(2) The financing of the initiative groups and of the electoral campaigns of the electoral contestants by natural or legal persons shall be carried out in compliance with the following conditions: […]
e) the donation ceilings in the “Electoral Fund” account for an electoral campaign constitute 6 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the natural persons and, respectively, 12 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the legal persons; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with income obtained abroad, this ceiling may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with positions of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, this ceiling may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.
Source: Art. 41(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

20. Is there a limit on the amount a candidate can contribute to their own election campaign?
Code
Yes, donation limit for private persons apply
Source

(2) The financing of the initiative groups and of the electoral campaigns of the electoral contestants by natural or legal persons shall be carried out in compliance with the following conditions: […]
e) the donation ceilings in the “Electoral Fund” account for an electoral campaign constitute 6 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the natural persons and, respectively, 12 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the legal persons; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with income obtained abroad, this ceiling may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with positions of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, this ceiling may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.
Source: Art. 41(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

21. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to political parties?
Code
Yes
Comment

The same limit like for cash donations applies.

Source

(1) Donations made to political parties can be of the following types: […]
b) donations in the form of properties, goods, free services or in more advantageous  conditions than the commercial (market) value, the payment of some goods or services used by the party. These donations are reflected in the accounting of the political party at their market value and are within the limits of the donations provided in par. (4) and (5).[…]
(4) An individual may make donations to one or more political parties. Donations made by a natural person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with incomes obtained abroad, the amount of donations may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with a position of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, the amount of donations may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.[…]
(5) The donations made by a legal person to one or more political parties in a budget year may not exceed the sum of 12 average monthly salaries per economy established for the respective year. The legal person making a cash donation to a political party must present the decision of its competent bodies regarding the donation, record the donation and reflect it in its accounting reports, as well as inform its shareholders or members about the operations performed.
Source: Art. 26(1, 4-5), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

22. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to candidates?
Code
Yes
Comment

The same limit like for cash donations applies.

Source

(2) The financing of the initiative groups and of the electoral campaigns of the electoral contestants by natural or legal persons shall be carried out in compliance with the following conditions: […]
e) the donation ceilings in the “Electoral Fund” account for an electoral campaign constitute 6 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the natural persons and, respectively, 12 average monthly salaries per economy for the respective year from the legal persons; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with income obtained abroad, this ceiling may not exceed 3 average monthly salaries per economy for that year; in the case of citizens of the Republic of Moldova with the status of persons with positions of public dignity, of civil servants, including with special status, or of employees in public organizations within the meaning of Law no. 133/2016 on the declaration of wealth and personal interests, this ceiling may not exceed 10% of their annual income, at the same time, may not exceed 6 average monthly salaries per economy for that year.
Source: Art. 41(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

1. Political parties and electoral blocs, initiative groups and independent candidates, in the case of parliamentary and presidential elections, shall submit to the Central Electoral Commission, within 3 days of the opening of the account with the words "Electoral Fund" and, subsequently, weekly, a report on the accumulated funds and the expenses made in the electoral campaign, both in electronic format and on paper, under the signature of the responsible persons. The model report is approved by the Central Electoral Commission and contains the following information: […]
b) the list of all donations received, including the nature and value of each donation in cash, goods, objects, works or services;
Source: Art. 43(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

The National Bureau of Statistics informs that the average gross monthly earnings of the national economy in 2019 amounted to MDL 7,356.
Source: National Bureau of Statistics, 02.03.2020, https://statistica.gov.md/newsview.php?l=en&idc=168&id=6597

23. Is there a ban on political parties engaging in commercial activities?
Code
Yes
Comment

Political parties have to right the to found and dispose of their own mass media.

Source

(2) In order to achieve the statutory and program goals and tasks, political parties have the right: […]
c) to found and dispose of their own mass media, to carry out editorial activity in accordance with the law;
Source: Art. 17(2), Law on Political Parties, 2007
(amended 2020)

24. Is there a ban on political parties taking loans in relation to election campaigns?
Code
No
Comment

The state grants interest-free loans to electoral competitors with certain conditions,

Source

(1) The state grants interest-free loans to electoral contestants.
Source: Art. 40(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

25. Is there a ban on candidates taking loans in relation to election campaigns?
Code
No
Comment

The state grants interest-free loans to electoral competitors with certain conditions.

Source

(1) The state grants interest-free loans to electoral contestants.
Source: Art. 40(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

26. Is there a ban on donors to political parties/candidates participating in public tender/procurement processes?
Code
Yes
Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties. initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by:[…]
e) legal entities that, in the last three years before the beginning of the electoral period, have concluded public procurement contracts for works, goods or services within the meaning of Law no. 131/2015 on public procurement, as well as by legal entities with foreign or mixed capital;

Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

27. Are there provisions requiring donations to go through the banking system?
Code
Sometimes
Comment

Not every donation needs to go through the banking system.

Source

4(1) A natural person, during a budget year, may make cash donations to one or more political parties in the amount of up to 3 average salaries per economy established for that year. Donations exceeding this limit will be made exclusively through banking operations.
Source: Art. 26(4(1)), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

Question Value
28. Are there provisions for direct public funding to political parties?
Code
Yes, regularly
Source

(1) Political parties have the right to receive annual funding from the state budget through the Central Electoral Commission. The regulation on the financing of political parties, including the calculation methodology, is approved by the Central Electoral Commission. The amount of the allocations for this purpose is approved in the annual budget law, the percentage quota constituting 0.1% of the state budget revenues, except for the special purpose revenues provided by the legislation, and is distributed as follows:
a) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the parliamentary elections;
b) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the general local elections;
c) 15% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the presidential elections;
d) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
e) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the local elections;
f) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
g) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the local elections.
(2) In the case of electoral blocs, the allowance shall be divided according to the prior agreement between the members of the electoral bloc or, in the absence of an agreement, according to the number of mandates obtained by each component.
Source: Art. 27(1-2), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

29. What are the eligibility criteria for political parties to receive public funding?
Code
  • Representation in elected body
  • Share of votes in previous election
  • Share of seats in previous election
  • Participation in election
  • Registration as a political party
Source

(1) Political parties have the right to receive annual funding from the state budget through the Central Electoral Commission. The regulation on the financing of political parties, including the calculation methodology, is approved by the Central Electoral Commission. The amount of the allocations for this purpose is approved in the annual budget law, the percentage quota constituting 0.1% of the state budget revenues, except for the special purpose revenues provided by the legislation, and is distributed as follows:
a) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the parliamentary elections;
b) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the general local elections;
c) 15% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the presidential elections;
d) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
e) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the local elections;
f) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
g) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the local elections.
(2) In the case of electoral blocs, the allowance shall be divided according to the prior agreement between the members of the electoral bloc or, in the absence of an agreement, according to the number of mandates obtained by each component.
Source: Art. 27(1-2), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

30. What is the allocation calculation for political parties to receive public funding?
Code
Proportional to votes received Proportional to seats received
Comment

In addition to the regulations contained in the Law on Political Parties, detailed regulations are included in the decisions of the Central Electoral Commission.

Source

(1) Political parties have the right to receive annual funding from the state budget through the Central Electoral Commission. The regulation on the financing of political parties, including the calculation methodology, is approved by the Central Electoral Commission. The amount of the allocations for this purpose is approved in the annual budget law, the percentage quota constituting 0.1% of the state budget revenues, except for the special purpose revenues provided by the legislation, and is distributed as follows:
a) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the parliamentary elections;
b) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the general local elections;
c) 15% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the presidential elections;
d) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
e) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the local elections;
f) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
g) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the local elections.
(2) In the case of electoral blocs, the allowance shall be divided according to the prior agreement between the members of the electoral bloc or, in the absence of an agreement, according to the number of mandates obtained by each component.
Source: Art. 27(1-2), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

Source: Regulation on the financing of activity of political parties, approved by decision of CEC no. 4401 of December 23, 2015

31. What are the provisions on 'ear marking' direct public funding to political parties (how it should be used)?
Code
  • Campaign spending
  • Ongoing party activities
  • Intra-party institution
  • Research and policy initiatives
Source

(1) By the decision of the governing bodies of the political parties, the allocations from the state budget will be used for the following destinations:
a) expenses for the maintenance and / or location of the premises;
b) personnel expenses;
c) expenses for the press and promotional material;
d) travel expenses in the country and abroad;
e) expenses for telecommunications;
f) expenses for receiving delegations from abroad;
g) payment of membership fees of international organizations of which the party is a member;
h) investments in movable and immovable property necessary for the activity of the respective party;
i) office expenses;
j) audit expenses (external / mandatory);
k) expenses for organizing meetings, public events, seminars and other training courses for party members, held in the country,
l) expenses for youth and women's programs.
(2) It is forbidden to use the allocations from the state budget for any other destinations than those provided in par. (1).
Source: Art. 28(1-2), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

(2(1)) 20% of the value of the annual allowances from the state budget will be used to promote and encourage women's participation in political and electoral processes, and 10% of the amount of allowances received will be used to promote and encourage young people in political processes and electoral. In the case of political parties in which there are women's and youth organizations, these funds will be managed by the organizations concerned.
Source: Art. 28(1(1)), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

32. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for political parties?
Code
Yes
Comment

Yes, during the electoral campaigns.

Source

(2) During the electoral campaigns, all political parties participating in the electoral campaign and their candidates for elective positions shall be granted free of charge and in fair conditions, in the manner established by law, airtime on public radio and television stations.
Source: Art. 16(2), Law on Political Parties, 2007
(amended 2020)

33. What criteria determine allocation for free or subsidized access to media for political parties?
Code
Equal
Source

(4) In the electoral campaign for parliamentary, presidential elections and republican referendums, the national broadcasters, whose list is made public by the Audiovisual Coordinating Council in the first 3 days of the electoral period, grant free electoral broadcasters 5 minutes of television and 10 minutes on the radio for the purpose of exposing the electoral programs and informing the voters. The respective airtime is offered in another broadcast space than the one reserved for electoral advertising and electoral debates.
(5) In the parliamentary, presidential elections and republican referendums, the public broadcasters grant free election to the electoral contestants one minute a day, airtime for the placement of the electoral publicity. For paid election advertising, each electoral contestant is given no more than 2 minutes a day during the election campaign on each broadcaster. The conditions for procuring the airtime and the respective taxes are communicated 3 calendar days before the election advertising is posted. The payment for airtime granted to electoral contestants may not exceed the payment normally received for commercial advertising. The airtime for paid advertising is granted to all electoral contestants at the same broadcast hours.
Source: Art. 70(4-5), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

The Election Code, the Audiovisual Code and CEC regulations govern the campaign coverage. Parties and blocs running in the national constituency were granted five minutes of free airtime on all national TV channels and ten minutes on radio with nationwide coverage. In addition, they were provided with one minute of free airtime per day to place promotional advertising for the parliamentary elections on the public broadcaster and all broadcasters were required to offer them two minutes per day of paid airtime under equal conditions. The five parties registered for the referendum could also use one minute of free airtime and two minutes of paid airtime per day to campaign for the referendum.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2019) Republic of Moldova, Parliamentary Elections, 24 February 2019. ODIHR Election Observation Mission, Final Report. OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

34. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for candidates?
Code
Yes
Source

(4) In the electoral campaign for parliamentary, presidential elections and republican referendums, the national broadcasters, whose list is made public by the Audiovisual Coordinating Council in the first 3 days of the electoral period, grant free electoral broadcasters 5 minutes of television and 10 minutes on the radio for the purpose of exposing the electoral programs and informing the voters. The respective airtime is offered in another broadcast space than the one reserved for electoral advertising and electoral debates.
(5) In the parliamentary, presidential elections and republican referendums, the public broadcasters grant free election to the electoral contestants one minute a day, airtime for the placement of the electoral publicity. For paid election advertising, each electoral contestant is given no more than 2 minutes a day during the election campaign on each broadcaster. The conditions for procuring the airtime and the respective taxes are communicated 3 calendar days before the election advertising is posted. The payment for airtime granted to electoral contestants may not exceed the payment normally received for commercial advertising. The airtime for paid advertising is granted to all electoral contestants at the same broadcast hours.
Source: Art. 70(4-5), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

35. Are there provisions for any other form of indirect public funding?
Code
No data
36. Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties tied to gender equality among candidates?
Code
Yes
Source

(1) Political parties have the right to receive annual funding from the state budget through the Central Electoral Commission. The regulation on the financing of political parties, including the calculation methodology, is approved by the Central Electoral Commission. The amount of the allocations for this purpose is approved in the annual budget law, the percentage quota constituting 0.1% of the state budget revenues, except for the special purpose revenues provided by the legislation, and is distributed as follows:
a) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the parliamentary elections;
b) 30% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the general local elections;
c) 15% - political parties in proportion to the performances obtained in the presidential elections;
d) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
e) 7.5% - political parties in proportion to the women actually elected in the local elections;
f) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the parliamentary elections;
g) 5% - political parties in proportion to the young people actually elected in the local elections.
(2) In the case of electoral blocs, the allowance shall be divided according to the prior agreement between the members of the electoral bloc or, in the absence of an agreement, according to the number of mandates obtained by each component.
Source: Art. 27(1-2), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

(2(1)) 20% of the value of the annual allowances from the state budget will be used to promote and encourage women's participation in political and electoral processes, and 10% of the amount of allowances received will be used to promote and encourage young people in political processes and electoral. In the case of political parties in which there are women's and youth organizations, these funds will be managed by the organizations concerned.
Source: Art. 28(1(1)), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

37. Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties?
Code
No
Source

Source: Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

Question Value
38. Is there a ban on vote buying?
Code
Yes
Source

(5) Electoral contestants are prohibited from offering money to voters, from distributing material goods to them free of charge, including from humanitarian aid or other charitable actions.
Source: Art. 41(5), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

(1) Offering or giving money, goods, services or other benefits for the purpose of determining the voter to exercise or not to exercise his electoral rights in the parliamentary, presidential, local elections or in the referendum is punishable by a fine of 550 to 850 conventional units or imprisonment from one to 5 years, and the legal person is punished by a fine of 4,000 to 6,000 conventional units with deprivation of the right to engage in a particular activity or with the liquidation of the legal person.
Source: Art. 181(1), Criminal Code, 2002 (amended 2020)

39. Are there limits on the amount a political party can spend?
Code
No
Comment

There are limits only on the amount a political party can collect during a year.

Source

(3) The annual revenues of a political party from membership fees and donations may not exceed the equivalent of 0.1% of the revenues provided in the state budget for the respective year.
Source: Art. 26(3), Law on Political Parties, 2007
(amended 2020)

40. If there are limits on the amount a political party can spend, what is the limit?
Code
Not applicable
41. Are there limits on the amount a candidate can spend?
Code
Yes
Comment

There is no official ceiling on spending. Instead there is a general ceiling for revenues collected in electoral campaigns.

Source

(2) The financing of the initiative groups and of the electoral campaigns of the electoral contestants by natural or legal persons shall be carried out in compliance with the following conditions:[…]
d) the general ceiling per country of the financial means that can be transferred to the “Electoral Fund” account of the electoral competitor constitutes 0.05% of the revenues provided in the state budget law for the respective year; the maximum ceiling for each constituency shall be determined by the Central Electoral Commission by multiplying the coefficient set by the Commission by the number of voters in that constituency; the coefficient is calculated by dividing the general ceiling of financial means by country by the total number of voters in the country;

Source: Art. 41(2), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

42. If there are limits on the amount a candidate can spend, what is the limit?
Code
Not applicable
43. Are there limits on the amount that third parties can spend on election campaign activities?
Code
Yes, third parties banned from campaign spending
Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties, initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by:[…]
f) anonymous persons or on behalf of third parties;
Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

44. Are there limits on traditional media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns?
Code
No
Source

Source: Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

45. Are there limits on online media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns?
Code
No
Source

Source: Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

46. Do any other restrictions on online media advertisement (beyond limits) exist?
Code
No
Source

Source: Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

Question Value
47. Do political parties have to report regularly on their finances?
Code
Yes
Source

(1) Every six months, until the 15th of the last month of the reporting period, and annually, until March 31, the political parties will present to the Central Electoral Commission reports on their financial management. The political parties benefiting from allocations from the state budget will also present the respective reports to the Court of Accounts.
Source: Art. 29(1), Law on Political Parties, 2007
(amended 2020)

48. Do political parties have to report on their election campaign finances?
Code
Yes
Source

1. Political parties and electoral blocs, initiative groups and independent candidates, in the case of parliamentary and presidential elections, shall submit to the Central Electoral Commission, within 3 days of the opening of the account with the words "Electoral Fund" and, subsequently, weekly , a report on the accumulated funds and the expenses made in the electoral campaign, both in electronic format and on paper, under the signature of the responsible persons. The model report is approved by the Central Electoral Commission and contains the following information:[…]
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

49. Do candidates have to report on their election campaign finances?
Code
Yes
Source

1. Political parties and electoral blocs, initiative groups and independent candidates, in the case of parliamentary and presidential elections, shall submit to the Central Electoral Commission, within 3 days of the opening of the account with the words "Electoral Fund" and, subsequently, weekly , a report on the accumulated funds and the expenses made in the electoral campaign, both in electronic format and on paper, under the signature of the responsible persons. The model report is approved by the Central Electoral Commission and contains the following information:[…]
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

50. Do third parties have to report on election campaign finances?
Code
Third parties are banned from participating in campaigns
Source

(3) It is prohibited the financing or material support in any form of the activity of political parties, initiative groups, electoral campaigns / electoral contestants by:[…]
f) anonymous persons or on behalf of third parties;
Source: Art. 41(3), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

51. Is information in reports from political parties and/or candidates to be made public?
Code
Yes
Source

(2) As an independent supervisory and control body regarding the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns, the Central Electoral Commission:[…]
d) ensures the publication on its official page of the information and the annual reports regarding the financial management of the political parties, as well as of the reports regarding the financing of the electoral campaigns;
Source: Art. 22(2), Electoral Code, 1997
(amended 2020)

52. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates reveal the identity of donors?
Code
Yes
Comment

Both in regards to the political parties and candidates.

Source

(4) The Central Electoral Commission elaborates and approves forms for the annual reports on the financial management, which must contain information regarding:[…]
b) all donations offered to the political party, including the amount donated, the identity of the donor (full name / surname, name and organizational form), domicile / headquarters and occupation / place of work or type of activity;
Source: Art. 29(4), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

1. Political parties and electoral blocs, initiative groups and independent candidates, in the case of parliamentary and presidential elections, shall submit to the Central Electoral Commission, within 3 days of the opening of the account with the words "Electoral Fund" and, subsequently, weekly , a report on the accumulated funds and the expenses made in the electoral campaign, both in electronic format and on paper, under the signature of the responsible persons. The model report is approved by the Central Electoral Commission and contains the following information:
a) the identification data of the natural or legal person who donated financial mean […]
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

53. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized income?
Code
Yes
Source

(4) The Central Electoral Commission elaborates and approves forms for the annual reports on the financial management, which must contain information regarding:
a) the goods and incomes of the political party, including the grouping of these incomes by types;
b) all donations offered to the political party, including the amount donated, the identity of the donor (full name / surname, name and organizational form), domicile / headquarters and occupation / place of work or type of activity;
Source: Art. 29(4), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

1. Political parties and electoral blocs, initiative groups and independent candidates, in the case of parliamentary and presidential elections, shall submit to the Central Electoral Commission, within 3 days of the opening of the account with the words "Electoral Fund" and, subsequently, weekly , a report on the accumulated funds and the expenses made in the electoral campaign, both in electronic format and on paper, under the signature of the responsible persons. The model report is approved by the Central Electoral Commission and contains the following information:
a) the identification data of the natural or legal person who donated financial mean,
b) the list of all donations received, including the nature and value of each donation in cash, goods, objects, works or services;
c) the total value of donations and the number of donors;
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

54. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates include information on itemized spending?
Code
Yes
Source

(4) The Central Electoral Commission elaborates and approves forms for the annual reports on the financial management, which must contain information regarding:
c) the obligations and expenses of the political party, other than those from the electoral campaign, grouped on operational expenses and goods management expenses;
d) the accounting information, for the corresponding period, of the legal persons founded or otherwise controlled by the respective political party;
Source: Art. 29(4), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

1. Political parties and electoral blocs, initiative groups and independent candidates, in the case of parliamentary and presidential elections, shall submit to the Central Electoral Commission, within 3 days of the opening of the account with the words "Electoral Fund" and, subsequently, weekly , a report on the accumulated funds and the expenses made in the electoral campaign, both in electronic format and on paper, under the signature of the responsible persons. The model report is approved by the Central Electoral Commission and contains the following information:[…]
e) the identification data of the natural or legal person to whom financial means were paid from the “Electoral Fund” account and the purpose of the respective expenses;
f) the amounts of debts, the numbers of the financial records and other conclusive information;
g) the accounting information of the legal persons founded or otherwise controlled by the respective political party for the corresponding period.
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

55. Which institution(s) receives financial reports from political parties and/or candidates?
Code
EMB
Source

(1) Every six months, until the 15th of the last month of the reporting period, and annually, until March 31, the political parties will present to the Central Electoral Commission reports on their financial management. The political parties benefiting from allocations from the state budget will also present the respective reports to the Court of Accounts.
Source: Art. 29(1), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

1. Political parties and electoral blocs, initiative groups and independent candidates, in the case of parliamentary and presidential elections, shall submit to the Central Electoral Commission, within 3 days of the opening of the account with the words "Electoral Fund" and, subsequently, weekly , a report on the accumulated funds and the expenses made in the electoral campaign, both in electronic format and on paper, under the signature of the responsible persons. The model report is approved by the Central Electoral Commission and contains the following information:[…]
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

56. Which institution(s) is responsible for examining financial reports and/or investigating violations?
Code
  • EMB
  • Other
Comment

Central Electoral Commission and Court of Accounts.

Source

(1) The independent body that ensures the supervision and control of the financing of the political parties is the Central Electoral Commission, constituted and empowered with attributions according to the Electoral Code and the provisions of the present law.
(2) The control over the use of the allocations received by the political parties from the state budget is also exercised by the Court of Accounts according to the provisions regulating its activity.
Source: Art. 30(1-2), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

(2) As an independent supervisory and control body regarding the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns, the Central Electoral Commission:[…]
c) collects and systematizes the annual reports on the financial management of political parties, the reports on the audit of political parties and the reports on the financing of electoral campaigns presented by electoral contestants;
d) ensures the publication on its official page of the information and the annual reports regarding the financial management of the political parties, as well as of the reports regarding the financing of the electoral campaigns;
e) examines the notifications and appeals regarding the violation of the legislation regarding the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns;
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

57. What power is granted to the institution(s) responsible for examining reports and/or investigating violations?
Code
Refer for investigation Carry out investigation Request additional information from potential violator Impose sanctions Other
Comment

(1) In case a political party receives donations in violation of the provisions of art. 26, including in case of receiving donations that exceed the established ceilings, the respective political party is obliged, within 3 days from the submission of the donation, to pay into the state budget the amounts received in violation of the law or to return the amounts received over the established ceilings.
(2) In case of non-compliance with the requirements of par. (1), the Central Electoral Commission issues a written summons addressed to the political party, requesting the removal of the violation and informing about the measures taken, within 3 working days from the issuance of the summons.
(3) The non-execution of the summons of the Central Electoral Commission constitutes a contravention and is sanctioned in accordance with the provisions of the Contravention Code. (4) In case of repetition, during a calendar year, of the violation provided in par. (3) and of the application of the contravention sanctions for these violations, the Central Electoral Commission adopts a decision regarding the deprivation of the respective party of the right to the allocations from the state budget for a period from 6 months to one year.
Source: Art. 31(1), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

(2) As an independent supervisory and control body regarding the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns, the Central Electoral Commission:[…]
c) collects and systematizes the annual reports on the financial management of political parties, the reports on the audit of political parties and the reports on the financing of electoral campaigns presented by electoral contestants;
d) ensures the publication on its official page of the information and the annual reports regarding the financial management of the political parties, as well as of the reports regarding the financing of the electoral campaigns;
e) examines the notifications and appeals regarding the violation of the legislation regarding the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns;[…]
g) applies or requests the application of the sanctions, provided by this code and by Law no. 294-XVI of December 21, 2007 on political parties, for violating the legislation on the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns, notifies the competent bodies on violations that are liable to contravention, criminal liability or violation of tax law;
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

58. What sanctions are provided for political finance infractions?
Code
  • Fines
  • Prison
  • Loss of public funding
  • Suspension of public funding
Source

(4) In case of repetition, during a calendar year, of the violation provided in par. (3) andof the application of the contravention sanctions for these violations, the Central Electoral Commission adopts a decision regarding the deprivation of the respective party of the right to the allocations from the state budget for a period from 6 months to one year.
Source: Art. 31(1), Law on Political Parties, 2007 (amended 2020)

(2) As an independent supervisory and control body regarding the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns, the Central Electoral Commission:[…]
g) applies or requests the application of the sanctions, provided by this code and by Law no. 294-XVI of December 21, 2007 on political parties, for violating the legislation on the financing of political parties and electoral campaigns, notifies the competent bodies on violations that are liable to contravention, criminal liability or violation of tax law;
Source: Art. 43(1), Electoral Code, 1997 (amended 2020)

(1) Falsification of reports on the financial management of political parties and / or reports on the financing of election campaigns with the intention of substituting or concealing the identity of donors, the volume of funds accumulated or the destination or volume of funds used shall be punished by a fine of 550 to 850 conventional units or by imprisonment for up to 3 years, in both cases deprived of the right to hold certain positions or to exercise certain activities for a term of up to 5 years.
(2) The use of administrative resources (public goods), including favoring or consenting to the illegal use of administrative resources (public goods) in election campaigns, if large-scale damage has been caused, is punishable by a fine of 4,000 to 6,000 conventional units or imprisonment for up to 3 years, in both cases with deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or to exercise certain activities for a term of 2 to 5 years .
(3) Extortion or extortion of donations for political parties and / or for electoral funds is punishable by a fine of 550 to 850 conventional units or unpaid community service from 100 to 200 hours, or imprisonment for up to 4 years, in all cases with deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or to carry out certain activities for a period of 1 to 5 years.
(4) The use contrary to the destination of the allocations from the state budget for the political parties or of the means from the electoral fund, if this has caused damages in large proportions, shall be punished by a fine of from 4000 to 6000 conventional units or by imprisonment from 1 to 5 years, in both cases deprived of the right to hold certain positions or to exercise certain activities for a term of 2 to 5 years. years.
(5) Knowingly accepting the financing of the political party or electoral competitor from an organized criminal group or a criminal organization (association) shall be punished by a fine of from 850 to 1350 conventional units or by imprisonment from 1 to 6 years, in both cases deprived of the right to hold certain positions or to exercise certain activities for a term of 2 to 5 years. years.
Source: Art. 181(2), Criminal Code, 2002 (amended 2020)

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