Political Finance Database

While there is no ceiling on private contributions from individuals or legal entities, most parties met with by the OSCE/ODIHR NAM stated that they will rely mostly on public funds.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

There is no ceiling on private contributions to political parties, or on how much the latter can raise from private sources.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

34. Identification data of each person providing a donation to a political party or movement, irrespective of the value of such a donation, must be entered in a specific register, which is to be kept together with accounting records.
35. Contributions amounting to over 3 000 € in a calendar year must be evidenced by a relevant document attached to the balance sheet and containing also the identification data of donors.
36. As highlighted before, it is possible to collect small amounts from individual donors during conferences, festivals, rallies and other events promoted by a political party/movement. In those cases, while it is not required to track the identity of the individual donor because of the low value of his/her respective contribution, it is nevertheless mandatory to specify the total amount of the anonymous donations collected in the parties’ financial accounts (Article 13, Law No. 170/2005).
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

 Political parties rely largely on public funds and receive annual subsidies in proportion to their parliamentary representation. The subsidy is doubled in an election year to provide additional funds for campaigning.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

The State provides an annual subsidy to political parties, proportional to their parliamentary representation: [...] The annual subsidy is a fixed proportional share of the State budget; it is doubled when in an election year (Articles 2 and 5, Law No 170/2005).
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Political parties rely largely on public funds and receive annual subsidies in proportion to their parliamentary representation. The subsidy is doubled in an election year to provide additional funds for campaigning. 
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

The State provides an annual subsidy to political parties, proportional to their parliamentary representation: 75% of this funding is allocated in proportion to the number of elected parliamentarians in the respective lists, while 25% is allocated in equal fixed shares among the parties and movements represented by at least three parliamentarians. Parties and movements whose lists have obtained less than three seats are entitled to a fixed funding of 12 000 € each. [...] The annual subsidy is a fixed proportional share of the State budget; it is doubled when in an election year (Articles 2 and 5, Law No 170/2005).
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

During the election campaign, San Marino RTV is obliged to provide equal access and free airtime to all candidate lists. Details of coverage are agreed upon in advance with representatives of all candidate lists.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

The State television and the media broadcast supplementary and complementary information programmes – whose slots are equally divided among contesting parties – and provide media access to political parties/movements at reduced costs.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

During the election campaign, San Marino RTV is obliged to provide equal access and free airtime to all candidate lists. Details of coverage are agreed upon in advance with representatives of all candidate lists.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

On the occasion of general elections, administrative elections or referenda, public spaces are provided for political parties/movements/committees/civil lists to affix, free of charge and on an equal basis, campaign posters and materials. Likewise, they are entitled to free use of State facilities, limited to specific time slots, beyond which a symbolic daily fee applies.[...]
Political parties pay only 50% of the usual postal charges. [...]
Political parties are exempted from taxes on profits earned in the course of the year. Donors are entitled to tax relief for contributions made to associations and non-profit entities, including political parties, up to a maximum of 1 600 € (Article 14(1)c, Law No. 166 of 6 December 2013 on General Income Tax).
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Art. 394
(Offence against the free expression of the right to vote)
Anyone who, during State elections, uses violence, threat or deceit, or offers or promises undue benefits, reimbursements or subsidies for travel and accommodation expenses, to push a citizen to sign a declaration in support of a candidate, draft law, or referendum, or to abstain or not from voting, or to vote for a candidate or symbol, is punished with third-degree imprisonment and fourth-degree loss of political rights.
The same sanction applies to citizens that accepts undue benefits, reimbursements or subsidies referred to in the previous comma, except in case of useful and spontaneous confession.
If the offence is committed by a person exercising public duties, by a public official, or by a clergyman, if abusing of their attributions and during the performance of their duties, they are subject to fourth-degree imprisonment and to fourth-degree loss of political rights and forfeiture of public offices, increased according to Art. 93.

Source: Art. 394, Criminal Code on Electoral Matters

A spending limit for each list is in place, which should not exceed the public funds given to the largest group in parliament, some EUR 630,000 for these elections.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

Each list participating in elections is subject to a limit of expenses which should not exceed 100% of the contribution given to the largest group in Parliament (Article 20(1), Electoral Law). For example, in the latest elections, such a threshold totalled around 600 000 €.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

Each list participating in elections is subject to a limit of expenses which should not exceed 100% of the contribution given to the largest group in Parliament (Article 20(1), Electoral Law). For example, in the latest elections, such a threshold totalled around 600 000 €.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Source: Law on Financing Political Parties and Political Movements (Law No. 170/2005). 2005

[...] there are no rules concerning other sources of campaign finance, including in-kind donations, loans, and media discounts.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

[...] there are no rules concerning other sources of campaign finance, including in-kind donations, loans, and media discounts.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

Political parties must report on their expenses and contributions annually, including those related to election campaigns.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

Political parties/movements are required to file their balance sheet with the Institutional Secretariat by 30 April of each year; the Institutional Secretariat is to make this information public through the press (Article 8, LFPPM).
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Political parties must report on their expenses and contributions annually, including those related to election campaigns.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

However, there is no requirement for candidates or representatives of lists to disclose their campaign income and expenditure prior to election day.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

Accounting obligations for foundations, associations and non-profit organisations (whether related to political parties or not) are set forth in Article 37 of Law No. 129/2010 for associations and Law No. 101/2015 for foundations, respectively. In particular, they are required to register data and information related to their financing, including funds received, as well as to report on their use. This information is to be kept for five years.Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

However, there is no requirement for candidates or representatives of lists to disclose their campaign income and expenditure prior to election day.
Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

Political parties/movements are required to file their balance sheet with the Institutional Secretariat by 30 April of each year; the Institutional Secretariat is to make this information public through the press (Article 8, LFPPM).
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Contributions amounting to over 3 000 € in a calendar year must be evidenced by a relevant document attached to the balance sheet and containing also the identification data of donors.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Political parties/movements are required to file their balance sheet with the Institutional Secretariat by 30 April of each year; the Institutional Secretariat is to make this information public through the press (Article 8, LFPPM). This is done in practice by the legal representative of the political party who hands the accounts to the Institutional Secretariat. The latter then attaches an attestation of its receipt to the balance sheet, whenever it is received, and provides is to the press office of Parliament for release to the press. The Institutional Secretariat is an administrative office which is part of public administration and provides administrative support to the Captains Regent, the Great and General Council (Parliament), the respective parliamentary commissions and the Constitutional Court. Regarding political funding responsibilities, it (i) registers, at the start of a legislature, those political parties and movements which have presented lists and are in Parliament (data on name of party/movement, address of headquarters, information on legal and administrative representatives) and updates such information, as necessary; (ii) acts as depositary of balance sheets; (iii) notifies auditors upon their appointment to the Auditing Committee (see paragraph xx); (iv) acts as depositary of the Auditing Committee annual reports.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

Regarding the system of public oversight for political parties/movements laid out in Article 11 of the LFPPM, each year the balance sheets of parties/movements are audited in order to determine whether they have been drafted clearly and accurately and are completely consistent with the financial position, as well as with the costs and revenue incurred during the year. Such audit is carried out by an Auditing Committee composed of three auditors who are enrolled in the Register of Auditors kept at the Ministry of Industry (there are around 100 registered auditors). The members of the Auditing Committee are chosen in the month of May of each year by a majority vote of the Bureau of the Great and General Council; the Bureau must represent at least two thirds of the members of the Great and General Council. The Bureau is composed by the presidents of the different parliamentary groups and headed by the Captains Regent.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

The Committee is entitled to obtain, for auditing purposes, all necessary or useful information and documents from the administrative managers and political leaders of parties and movements, or from any other person within the party holding such information and documents. Moreover, the Committee may carry out assessments, inspections and controls at the headquarters of parties or movements. The Auditing Committee must report to the competent authority (court) any alleged offence identified following the examination of accounting records. It generally takes around 20 work days over an eight month period for the auditors to supervise political accounts.
Source: GRECO (2016), Third Evaluation Round, Evaluation Report on San Marino, Transparency of Party Funding, (Theme II), GRECO, Strasbourg

For serious violations of the law or for inaccurate reporting, the audit committee can reduce public funding to a party by half for the following year. In case of repeated breaches during the same legislature, the funding shall not be granted for the year.

Violations of the ban on anonymous donations are subject to criminal sanctions consisting of imprisonment from 20 to 60 days, and disqualification from suffrage rights, from 2 to 5 years.

Source: OSCE/ODIHR (2016), Republic of San Marino, Early Parliamentary Elections, 20 November 2016, OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, OSCE/ODIHR, Warsaw

394. Anyone who, during State elections, uses violence, threat or deceit, or offers or promises undue benefits, reimbursements or subsidies for travel and accommodation expenses, to push a citizen to sign a declaration in support of a candidate, draft law, or referendum, or to abstain or not from voting, or to vote for a candidate or symbol, is punished with third-degree imprisonment and fourth-degree loss of political rights.

Source: Article 394, Criminal Code om Electoral Matters