Are referendum results binding?

Venezuela

Venezuela

Answer
  • Mandatory referendum - always
  • Optional referendum - sometimes
Source

Constitution ofVenezuela (1999)

http://venezuelanalysis.com/constitution/

Article 73: Bills under discussion by theNational Assembly shall be submitted to a referendum when at least two-thirdsof the members of the Assembly so decide. If the referendum ends in anaffirmative vote of approval, provided that the 25% of the voters registeredbefore the Civil and Electoral Registry have concurred to the election, thebill conceded shall be enacted into law.

Any international agreement, convention or treaty whichmight compromise the national sovereignty or transfer authority tosupranational organs, may be submitted to a referendum on the initiative of thePresident of the Republic, taken at a meeting of the Cabinet by a two-thirdsvote of the members of the Assembly or by 15% of the voters registered on thecivil and electoral registry.

Article 74: Statutes whose abrogation are requestedon the initiative of a number of voters constituting at least 10% of the votersregistered in the civil and electoral registry, or by the President of theRepublic taken at a meeting of the Cabinet, shall be submitted to a referendumfor its abrogation in whole or in part.

Article 345: The constitutionalreform shall be declared approved if the number of affirmative votes is greaterthan the number of negative votes. A revised constitutional reform initiativemay not be submitted during the same constitutional term of office of theNational Assembly.

Article 346: The President of theRepublic shall be obligated to promulgate Amendments and Reforms within tendays of their approval. If he fails to do so, the applicable provisions of thisConstitution shall apply.

Comment
Some optional referenda must meet a specific turnout rate to pass.
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