If e-voting is currently being used, what type(s) of technology used?

Federal Law on Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum, May 22, 2002 (last amended on July 25, 2011, No 263-FZ), accessed on 10 September 2018

Article 2. Main Terms and Concepts

For the purposes of this Federal Law, the terms and concepts used herein shall be construed as follows:

411) Electronic voting complex means a complex of GAS Vybovy automation means intended for electronic voting, automatic counting of votes of electors and referendum participants, establishing the voting results and drafting the minutes by the District Commission on the voting results (paragraph 411 was introduced by Federal Law of July 21, 2005, # 93-FZ)

62) Electronic voting means voting without a ballot in a hard copy, with the use of GAZ Vybovy automation complex. (paragraph 62 was introduced by Federal Law of July 21, 2005, # 93-FZ)

63) Electronic ballot means a ballot drafted by computer equipment in the electronic form and used in electronic voting. (paragraph 63 was introduced by Federal Law of July 21, 2005, # 93-FZ).

Article 61. Polling Station

10. Inside the polling station there shall be stationary ballot boxes. The functions of stationary ballot boxes may be performed by vote-counting machines, including programmed technical complexes for processing of ballots. In case of electronic voting, electronic voting complexes shall be used. (in the version of Federal Law of July 21, 2005, # 93-FZ)

Article 63. Ballots

21. In case of holding election, referendum by means of electronic voting complex, an electronic ballot shall be used. The form and text of the electronic ballot shall be approved by the respective commission no later than 20 days prior to voting day and must comply with the requirements stipulated by Sections 5-10 of this Article. In case of repeat voting the electronic ballot text shall be approved by the respective commission at the same time with the decision on the repeated voting. (Section 21 introduced by Federal Law of July 21, 2005, # 93-FZ)

ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report: Russian Federation Presidential Election, 18 March 2018, accessed on 10 September 2018

“On election day some 10 per cent of polling stations were equipped with ballot scanners and touch-screen voting machines. For the first time, PECs prepared voting result protocols with QR-codes that, according to the CEC, expedited the processing of results and enhanced their integrity.”