This case study explores the complex landscape of India’s internal and international migration and its profound impact on the nation’s political formation. The electoral process, primarily designed around stable voter residency, limits the participation of a constantly mobile population both within and outside the country.

The study highlights the need for proactive, viable and trusted enfranchisement solutions; targeted information campaigns; and enhanced voter education efforts to effectively ensure that, in India’s elections, no voter is left behind.

This paper is part of a series of eight case studies on absent voters in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.