Belarus held a presidential election on 26 January in which incumbent Alyaksandr Lukashenka won his seventh straight term. According to the Central Election Commission, Lukashenka won 87.5 per cent of the vote on 85.7 per cent turnout, up from 84.3 per cent in the previous election. The election took place in a repressive electoral and media environment without genuine opposition candidates on the ballot. Sergei Syrankov, who finished second with 3.2 per cent of the vote, endorsed Lukashenka before the election and campaigned on his behalf.

Vanuatu held snap general elections on 16 January in which no political party won a majority in the 52-seat parliament. While the election was called as a result of persistent political instability in the country, the question of how to rebuild from a major earthquake on 17 December dominated the campaign. The Leaders Party secured the most seats (nine) and announced it had secured a ruling coalition with the Vanua'aku Party, Graon Mo Jastis Party, Reunification Movement for Change, and the Iauko Group on 28 January.

On 4 July, the United Kingdom held a general election in which 650 seats for the House of Commons, the lower parliamentary house, were contested. The Labour Party, led by Keir Starmer, won a majority of 411 seats with a vote share of 33.7 per cent. The Conservative Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, secured 23.7 per cent of the vote and only 121 seats, lower than in any general election since 1832, according to the House of Commons Library.

The ruling Social Democratic Party (PSD) won parliamentary elections held on 1 December, in which the 331 seats in the Chamber of Deputies (the lower parliamentary house), and the 136 seats in the Senate (the upper house) were up for election. PSD won the largest vote share in both chambers but fell short of a majority, securing 86 seats (22.0 per cent of the vote) in the Chamber of Deputies.

On 30 October, Botswana held general elections for the unicameral National Assembly and local councils. An opposition coalition, the Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC), emerged as winners of the national contest, securing a majority of the vote (59.0 per cent) and 36 of the 61 elected National Assembly seats. They were followed by the Botswana Congress Party (15 seats; 24.6 per cent), the Botswana Patriotic Front (5 seats; 8.1 per cent) and the incumbent Botswana Democratic Party (4 seats; 6.6 per cent), which has ruled the country since independence in 1966.

Namibia’s ruling party, the South West Africa People’s Organisation (SWAPO) won the country’s general election, which was originally scheduled for 27 November but later extended in some areas to 30 November. Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah won the presidential election with 58.1 per cent of the popular vote, and SWAPO secured 51 of the 96 (53.1 per cent) directly elected seats in the National Assembly, the lower chamber of the country’s bicameral parliament. The Independent Patriots for Change (IPC) came second, winning 20 seats, followed by Affirmative Repositioning (6 seats).

Senegal’s legislative elections, held on 17 November, were won by the country’s governing party, the African Patriots of Senegal for Work, Ethics and Fraternity (Patriotes africains du Sénégal pour le travail, l'éthique et la fraternité, PASTEF), which secured 130 of the 165 (78.8 per cent) seats in the National Assembly. This represents a 132.1 per cent increase in the party’s seat share, which prior to the election was 56, and comes 8 months after it won the Presidential election in March.

On 10 September, Jordan held legislative elections to choose 138 members of its House of Representatives, the lower house of Parliament. A total of 1,623 candidates ran for these seats, 23.4 per cent of which were women. The Islamic Action Front (IAF) emerged as the leading party, securing 31 seats. The National Charter Party (Al-Mithaq Al-Watani) followed with 21 seats, while the Eradah Party and the Progress Party (Taqadum) won 19 and 8 seats, respectively. Twenty-seven seats (19.6 per cent) went to women, of which 18 were allocated through the quota system.

North Macedonia held parliamentary elections and the presidential runoff on 8 May. The right-wing coalition VMRO-DPMNE emerged as the largest party with 43.3 per cent of the vote, marking a shift in power after seven years of rule by the centre-left Social Democratic Union (SDSM), which secured 15.3 per cent of the vote. The European Front coalition received 13.6 per cent.

On 30 June, France held early legislative elections. In the first round, 577 seats of the lower parliamentary house, the National Assembly, were contested. A second round of voting took place on 7 July. The newly created coalition of left-wing parties, the New Popular Front (Nouveau Front Populaire, NFP), won 182 seats, followed by the centrist Together (Ensemble) coalition with 168 seats, and the far-right National Rally party with 143 seats.