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In Brazil, Internet and social media have been long used by political parties and candidates to campaign, but it was only in 2017 that organic electoral advertising on social media, social media boosting and paid promotion in web search engines were included in the list of permitted electoral campaign expenditures.
Despite widespread claims that parliamentary systems with an indirectly elected president produce better outcomes for democratic governance, constitutional reform to move away from a directly elected president to an indirectly elected president is extremely rare.
En este informe se presenta un análisis de la participación política de diversos grupos poblacionales identificados como grupos discriminados en América Latina: las mujeres, las personas indígenas, las personas
La polarización tóxica amenaza a varias democracias en el mundo. En diversas sociedades se enfrentan extremos políticos que desconfían uno del otro y se presentan sin posibilidades de entendimiento.
This case study examines several kinds of risks to electoral integrity present in Brazil and the role that the Electoral Justice plays in preventing and combating them. It addresses the risks, describing in each case the preventive policies as well as occasions on which some risks have materialized as threats. The paper also highlights some crisis management procedures in particular timely communication and proactive tools.
The European Union’s Eastern Partnership (EaP) covers six countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine. The Covid-19 pandemic put a strain on fledgling democracies in the EaP region, aggravating pre-existing concerns, such as the weak rule of law, insufficient accountability of executive branches vis-à-vis legislatures and fragile media freedoms (see International IDEA 2022).
International IDEA and the Caucasus Institute for Peace, Democracy and Development (CIPDD) organized a conference in Tbilisi, Georgia, in 2005 on constitutional and political reform in Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan. It was dedicated to the exchange of information about the reform process in the three South Caucasus countries and the prospects for their European integration.