Gender Quotas Database

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General Resources for Europe

 

  • Krook, M.L. et al 2006. ’Western Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand: Gender Quotas in the Context of Citizenship Models’, in Dahlerup, D. (ed.) Women, Quotas and Politics, London/New York: Routledge, pp. 194-221.
  • Antić, M.G and Lokar, S. 2006. ‘The Balkans: from total rejection to gradual acceptance of gender quotas’, in Dahlerup, D. (ed.) Women, Quotas and Politics, London/New York: Routledge, pp. 138-167.
  • Freidenvall, L. et al. 2006. “The Nordic Countries: An incremental model”, in Dahlerup, D. (ed.) Women, Quotas and Politics, London/New York: Routledge, pp. 55-82.
  • Lovenduski, J. 2005. Feminizing Politics, Cambridge UK: Polity Press.
  • Lovenduski, J. 2005. ‘Introduction: state feminism and the political
    representation of women’, in Lovenduski, J. et al (eds) State Feminism and Political Representation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-19. 
  • Dahlerup, D. and Freidenvall, L. 2005. ‘Quotas as a Fast Track to Equal Representation for Women’, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 7, 1: 1–22.
  • Znanstveno raziskovalni center pri SAZU, 2004. www.odmev.zrc-sazu.si/zrc/
  • Htun, M. 2004. ‘Is Gender Like Ethnicity? The Political Representation of Identity Groups’, Perspectives on Politics, 2, 3: 439–58.
  • Centre for Educational Policy Studies (CEPS) 2004. Online. Available at: http://ceps.pef.uni-lj.si/
  • Gender Network at European Forum for Democracy and Solidarity, 2004. Online. Available at: http://www.europeanforum.net/gender_network.php
  • Dahlerup, D. 2004. ‘Continuity and Waves in the Feminist Movement – A Challenge to Social Movement Theory’, in H. Römer Christensen, B. Halsaa and A. Saarinen (eds) Crossing Borders: Remapping Women’s Movements at the Turn of the 21st Century, Odense: University Press of Southern Denmark, pp. 59–78.
  • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 2004. ‘Human Development Report 2004’.
  • Ristova, K. 2003. ‘Establishing a Machocracy: Women and Elections in Macedonia (1990–8)’, in R. Matland and K. Montgomery (eds) Women’s Access to Power inPost Communist Europe, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 196–216.
  • Dahlerup, D. and Freidenvall, L. ‘Quotas as a ‘Fast Track’ to Equal Political Representation for Women: Why Scandinavia is No Longer the Model’, paper presented at the 19th International Political Science Association World Congress, Durban, South Africa, June–July 2003.
  • Taarup, N.A. 2003. ‘International Implementation of Electoral Gender Quotas in the Balkans: A Fact-Finding Report’, The Research Program on Gender Quotas. Working Paper Series 2003: 1. Stockholm University: Department of Political Science.
  • Glaurdić, J. 2003. ‘Croatia’s Leap towards Political Equality: Rules and Players’, in R. Matland and K. Montgomery (eds) Women’s Access to Power in Post Communist Europe, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 285–303.
  • Matland, R. and Montgomery K. (eds) 2003Women’s Access to Power in Post Communist Europe, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Sgier, L. ‘Political Representation and Gender Quotas’, paper presented at the European Consortium of Politics Research, Joint Sessions of Workshops, Edinburgh, March–April 2003.
  • Royo, S. 2002. A New Century of Corporatism?: Corporatism in Southern Europe, Westport: Praeger.
  • Mastnak, T. 1992. Vzhodno od raja, Ljubljana: Državna založba Slovenije. Jalušič, V. (ed.) (2002) Kako smo hodile v feministično gimnazijo, Ljubljana: Založba/*cf.
  • McDonagh, E. 2002. ‘Political Citizenship and Democratization: The Gender Paradox’, American Political Science Review, 96, 3: 535–52.
  • Lokar, S. 2002. ‘Introduction’, in Women Can Do It II, Integration of gender equality issues in parliamentary parties work in South East Europe, Project Report, Novi sad: Stability Pact Gender Task Force, pp. 5–11.
  • Schopflin, G. 2002. Nations, Identity, Power, London: Hurst.
  • Lijphart, A. 2002. ‘The Evolution of Consociational Theory and Consociational Practices 1965–2000’, Acta Politica, 37: 11–22.
  • Skjeie, H. 2001. ‘Quotas, Parity and the Discursive Dangers of Difference’ in C.S. Maier and J. Klausen (eds) Has Liberalism Failed Women? Assuring Equal Representation in Europe and in the United States, New York: Palgrave, pp. 165–76.
  • Klausen, J. and Maier, C.S. (eds) 2001. Has Liberalism Failed Women? Assuring Equal Representation in Europe and the United States, New York: Palgrave.
  • Kaiser, P. 2001. Strategic Predictors of Women’s Parliamentary Participation: A Comparative Study of Twenty-Three Democracies, PhD dissertation, Los Angeles: University of California.
  • Jogan, M. 2001. Seksizem v vsakdanjem življenju, Ljubljana: Fakulteta za družbene vede.
  • Jalušič, V. and Antić, M.G. 2001. Women – Politics – Equal Opportunities: Prospects for Gender Equality Politics in Central and Eastern Europe, Ljubljana: Peace Institute.
  • Giraud, I. and Jenson, J. 2001. ‘Constitutionalising Equal Access: High Hopes, Dashed Hopes?’, in J. Klausen and C.S. Maier (eds) Has Liberalism Failed Women? Assuring Equal Representation in Europe and the United States, New York: Palgrave, pp. 69–88.
  • Gomard, K. and Krogstad, A. (eds) 2001. Instead of the Ideal Debate. Doing Politics
    and Doing Gender in Nordic Political Campaign Discourse, Gylling: Aarhus University
    Press.
  • Woodward, A. 2001. ‘Women are Doing It’ – building a Gender Balanced Democracy using Sticks, Carrots and Kisses’, in M.A. Rukavina (ed.) Building national gender equality mechanisms in South East Europe: Women’s use of the state: 1999–2001, Ljubljana: Stability Pact Gender Task Force, pp. 42–6.
  • Blagojević, M. (ed.) 2000. Mapiranje misoginije u Srbiji, diskurzi i prakse, Beograd: ANžIN – Asociacija za žensku iniciativu.
  • Jalusic, Vlasta and Milica Antic. 2000. Prospects for Gender Equality Policies in Central and Eastern Europe. Vienna: Institute for Human Sciences.
  • International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights (IHF-HR). 2000. Women 2000: An Investigation into the Status of Women's Rights in the Former Soviet Union and South-Eastern Europe. Vienna: International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights.
  • Antić, M.G. 2000. ‘Ne-srečno razmerje: strankarska politika in ženske v državah vzhodne srednje Evrope’, Družboslovne razprave, 34–5: 127–40.
  • Teigen, M. 2000. ‘The Affirmative action controversy’, NORA ( Nordic Journal of
    Women’s Studies), 8, 2: 63–77.
  • Einhorn, Barbara. 2000. ‘Gender and Citizenship in the Context of Democratisation and Economic Transformation in East Central Europe.’ Shirin M. Rai (ed). International Perspectives on Gender and Democratisation. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 103-124.
  • Dojčinović-Nešić, B. 2000. ‘Feminizam: Predrasude, stereotipi i negativni stavovi’, in M. Blagojević (ed.) Mapiranje misoginije u Srbiji, diskurzi i prakse, Beograd: ANžIN – Asociacija za žensku iniciativu, pp. 619–32.
  • Muslin, M. (ed.) 2000. žene Hrvatske u brojkama, Zagreb: Povjerenstvo Vlade Republike Hrvatske za pitanje jednakosti spolova.
  • Vode, A. 2000. Spomin in pozaba, Ljubljana: Krtina.
  • Freedman, J. 2000. A Room at a Time: How Women Entered Party Politics, New York:
    Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Skjeie, H. and Siim, B. 2000. ‘Scandinavian Feminist Debates on Citizenship’, International Political Science Review, 21, 4: 345–60.
  • Bergqvist, C. et al. (eds) 1999. Equal Democracies? Gender and Politics in the Nordic
    Countries, Oslo: Scandinavian University Press.
  • Vode, A. 1999. Značaj in usoda, Ljubljana: Krtina.
  • Antić, M.G. 1999. ‘Slabosti obstoječe variante sistema sorazmernega predstavništva z vidika izvolitvenih možnosti žensk’, in M.G. Antić and J. Jeram (eds) ženske, politika, demokracija: Za večjo prisotnost žensk v politiki, Ljubljana: Urad za žensko politiko, pp. 171–91.
  • Gaber, S. 1999. ‘Reprezentativnost kot problem sodobnih demokracij’, in M.G. Antić and J. Jeram (eds) ženske, politika, demokracija: za večjo prisotnost žensk v politiki, Ljubljana: Urad za žensko politiko, pp. 85–100.
  • Inhetveen, K. 1999. ‘Can Gender Equality be Institutionalised? The Role of Launching Values in Institutional Innovation’, International Sociology, 14, 4: 403–42.
  • Antić, M.G. and Jeram, J. (eds) 1999. ženske, politika, demokracija: Za večjo prisotnost žensk v politiki, Ljubljana: Urad za žensko politiko.
  • Ramet, P.S. (ed.) 1999. Gender Politics in the western Balkans: Women, Society andPolitics in Yugoslavia and the Yugoslav Successor States, Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press.
  • Matland, R. 1998. ‘Enhancing Women’s Political Participation: Legislative Recruitment and Electoral Systems’, in A. Karam (ed.) Women in Parliament: Beyond Numbers, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 65–88.
  • Rueschmeyer, Marilyn (ed.). 1998. Women in the Politics of Postcommunist Eastern Europe. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, Inc.
  • Vode, A. 1998. Spol in upor, Ljubljana: Krtina.
  • Dahlerup, D. 1998b. ‘Using Quotas to Increase Women’s Political Representation’, in A. Karam (ed.) Women in Parliament. Beyond Numbers, Stockholm: International IDEA, pp. 91–106.
  • Antić, M.G. 1998. ženske v parlamentu, Ljubljana: Znanstveno in publicistično središče.
  • Ule, M. and Rener, T. 1997. ‘Nationalism and Gender in Postsocialist Societies: is Nationalism Female?’, in T. Renne (ed.) Ana’s Land: Sisterhood in Eastern Europe, Oxford: Westview Press, pp. 220–33.
  • Rizman, R. 1997. Izzivi odprte družbe, Ljubljana: Liberalna akdemija.
  • Sklevicky, L. and Rihtman D.A. (ed.) 1996. Konji, žene i ratovi, Zagreb: ženska infoteka.
  • Sainsbury, D. 1996. Gender, Equality and Welfare States, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bergqvist, C. 1995. ‘The Declining corporatist state and the political gender dimension’, in L. Karvonen and P. Selle (eds) Women in Nordic Politics: Closing the Gap, Aldershot: Dartmouth, pp. 205–28.
  • Štrajn, D. (ed.) 1995. Meje demokracije, Ljubljana: Liberalna akdemija.
  • Phillips, A. 1995. The Politics of Presence: The Political Representation of Gender, Ethnicity and Race, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Waylen, Georgina. 1994. ‘Women and Democratization: Conceptualizing Gender Relations in Transition Politics.’ World Politics 46, no.3. pp. 327-354.
  • Funk, A. and Mueller, M. (eds) 1993. Gender Politics and Postcommunism, New York: Routledge.
  • Bahovec, E.D. (ed.) 1993. časopis za kritiko znanosti, domišljijo in novo antropologijo, Special Edition: Od ženskih študij k feministični teoriji, Ljubljana: študentska organizacija Univerze v Ljubljani.
  • Lovenduski, J. 1993. ‘Introduction: the Dynamics of Gender and Party’, in J. Lovenduski and P. Norris (eds) Gender and Party Politics, London: Sage, pp. 1–15.
  • Antić, M.G. 1992. ‘Yugoslavia’, in C. Corrin (ed.) Superwomen and Double Burden: Women’s Experience of Change in Central and Eastern Europe and Former Soviet Union, London: Scarlet Press, pp. 155–79.
  • Ivančič, I., Jančić, P. and Zupanič, J. 1992. ‘Matere in ostale ne-enakovredne ženske?’, Daily Večer, Maribor, 6 March, p. 2.
  • Antić, M.G. 1991. ‘Yugoslavia: Democracy between Tyranny and Liberty: The Situation of Women in the Post-’socialist’ Nation State’, Feminist Review, Special Issue: Shifting Territories: Feminism, Socialism, Europe, 39: 148.
  • Bahovec, E.D. (ed.) 1991. Abortus – pravica do izbire?!, Ljubljana: Skupina ženske
    za politiko.
  • Castles, F.G. and Sainsbury, D. 1990. ‘Politics in Scandinavia’, in R.C. Macridis (ed.) Modern Political Systems: Europe, 7th edn, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, pp. 281–327.
  • Esping-Andersen, G. 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism, Princeton NJ:
    Princeton University Press.
  • Pateman, C. 1989. The Disorder of Women, Cambridge: Polity Press.
  • Gelb, J. 1989. Feminism and Politics: A Comparative Perspective, Berkeley: University
    of California Press.
  • Papić, ž. 1989. Sociologija i Feminizam, Beograd: Istraživačko-izdavački centar SSO Srbije.
  • Dahlerup, D. 1988a. ‘From a Small to a Large Minority: Women in Scandinavian Politics’, Scandinavian Political Studies, 11, 4: 275–98.
  • Dahlerup, D. 1988b. Vi har ventet længe nok – håndbog i kvinderepræsentation, Copenhagen: Nordisk Ministerråd.
  • Rule, W. 1987. ‘Electoral Systems, Contextual Factors and Women’s Opportunity for
    Elections to Parliament in Twenty-three Democracies’, The Western Political Quarterly,
    40, 3: 477–98.
  • Norris, P. 1987. Politics and Sexual Equality: The Comparative Position of Women in
    Western Democracies, Boulder: Lynne Rienner.
  • Hernes, H. 1987. Welfare State and Women Power: Essays in State Feminism, Oslo: Norwegian University Press.
  • Jogan, M. 1986. ženske in diskriminacija, Ljubljana: Delavska enotnost.
  • Haavio-Mannila, E. et al. (eds) 1985. Unfinished Democracy: Women in Nordic Politics, New York: Pergamon.
  • Rule, W. 1981. ‘The Critical Contextual Factors in Women’s Legislative Recruitment’,
    Western Political Quarterly, 34: 60–77.
  • Schmitter, P. 1979. ‘Still the century of corporatism?’, in P. Schmitter and G. Lembruch (eds) Trends towards corporatist intermediation, London: Sage.
  • Tomšič, V. 1978. ž enska, delo, družina, družba, Ljubljana: Komunist.
  • Andersen, K. 1975. ‘Working Women and Political Participation, 1952–1972’,
    American Journal of Political Science, 19: 439–55.
  • Čalovska, L. and Jančić-Starc, J. (eds) 1975. Socializem in osvoboditev žensk, Ljubljana: Komunist.
  • Socialist International Women. ‘The Quota System: www.socintwomen.org.uk/QUOTA/QUOTAEng1.html
  • International Helsinki Federation for Human Rights, www.ihf-hr.org
  • Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU), www.ipu.org
  • Jacquette, Jane and Sharon L. Wolchik: Women and Democracy. Latin America and Central and Eastern Europe. John Hopkins University Press.
  • International foundation on Election Systems, www.ifes.org
  • Socialist International Women. ‘The Quota System.’ www.socintwomen.org.uk/QUOTA/QUOTAEng1.html    
  • International Parliamentary Union (IPU), www.ipu.org
  • Lovenduski, J. et al (eds) State Feminism and Political Representation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Election World, www.electionworld.org
  • Mirovni inštitut (Peace Institute), http://www.mirovni-institut.si

Other Links

Inter-Parliamentary Union. http://www.ipu.org/

Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Women in Parliament in 2015: The year in review”: http://www.ipu.org/pdf/publications/WIP2015-e.pdf

Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Women in Parliament: 20 years in review”: http://www.ipu.org/pdf/publications/WIP20Y-en.pdf

Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Women in Parliaments: World and Regional Averages”: http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/world.htm

Inter-Parliamentary Union. “Women in Parliaments: World Classification ”: http://www.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm

Women's Environment and Development Organization, www.wedo.org

Online Women in Politics, www.onlinewomeninpolitics.org

Note: The sources and additional reading indicated above are mostly only available in English. We welcome recommendations of additional sources in other languages.

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