SHARECountry Data
Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic (1993-) (Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic (1993-)) has a Unicameral parliament with legislated quotas for the single/lower house and at the sub-national level. 46 of 123 (37%) seats in the Sobranie / Assembly of the Republic are held by women.
At a glance
Structure of Parliament: Unicameral
Are there legislated quotas...
- For the Single/Lower House? Yes
- For the Sub-National Level? Yes
Are there voluntary quotas...
- Adopted by political parties? No
Is there additional information?...
- Yes
Last updated: Apr 16, 2019
Single/Lower House
Sobranie / Assembly of the Republic
| Total seats | 123 |
| Total Women | 46 |
| % Women | 37% |
| Election Year | 2014 |
| Electoral System | List PR |
| Quota Type | Legislated Candidate Quotas¤ |
| Election details | IDEA Voter Turnout - IPU Parline |
| Legal source | Details | |
|---|---|---|
| Quota type: Legislated Candidate Quotas¤ | Constitution | |
| Electoral law | Article 64 of the Electoral Code, in all lists of candidates for Members of Parliament, submitted for parliamentary elections, at least 40% of the candidates must belong to the less represented gender. These candidates must be equally distributed throughout the list - on every three positions on the list, one must belong to the less represented gender, plus at least one additional position reserved for the less represented gender on every ten positions on candidates' list. (Amendments of Electoral Code 2015, 44) |
|
| Legal sanctions for non-compliance | Electoral law | If a political party fails to meet the quota requirement, the list shall be rejected" (Electoral Code, Article 67 [1-4]). |
| Rank order/placement rules | Electoral law | ‘In every three places [on candidate lists] at least one will be reserved for the less represented gender’ (Article 64 (5)). |
| Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties related to gender equality among candidates? | No | See more in International IDEA's Political Finance database |
| Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties? | No | See more in International IDEA's Political Finance database |
Quota at the Sub-National Level
- Quota type: Legislated Candidate Quotas¤
| Legal source | Details | |
|---|---|---|
| Quota type: Legislated Candidate Quotas¤ | Constitution | |
| Electoral law | "In the submitted list of candidate [...] for Member of Council of the municipality and the City of Skopje [...] in every three places at least one will be reserved for the less represented gender" (Electoral Code, Article 64 [5]). |
|
| Legal sanctions for non-compliance | Electoral law | "If a political party fails to meet the quota requirement, the list shall be rejected "(Electoral Code, Article 67 [1-4]). |
| Rank order/placement rules | Electoral law | ‘In every three places [on candidate lists] at least one will be reserved for the less represented sex’ (Article 64 (5)). |
Additional Information
Before making quotas mandatory, the Social Democratic Party, the Liberal Democratic Party, and the Liberal Party practiced gender quotas for candidate lists (Dimitrevska 2005: 45). In the 2011 elections, 34 women were elected. However, seven of the elected candidates declined their parliamentary mandate and were therefore replaced by ‘next-in-line’ candidates from the same party, raising the actual number of female parliamentarians to 38. (IPU Parline , 2011).
Sources
LEGAL SOURCES:
- Electoral Code 2015 , accessed 7 November 2018;
- Amendments of Electoral Code 2015 (as of 2016), accessed 7 November 2018;
OTHER SOURCES:
- Dimitrevska, D., ‘Quotas: The Case of Macedonia’, in J. Ballington and F. Binda (eds), The Implementation of Quotas: European Experiences, Quotas Report Series no. 4 (Stockholm: International IDEA, 2005), accessed 03 April 2014
Additional reading
- Antic, M.G and Lokar, S. 2006. 'The Balkans: from total rejection to gradual acceptance of gender quotas', in Dahlerup, D. (ed.) Women, Quotas and Politics, London/New York: Routledge, pp. 138-167.
- Bulgarian Gender Research Foundation. 2002. ‘Macedonia’. Implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW): A Compilation of NGO Report from Balkan Countries. pp.174-203.
- Stability Pact Gender Task Force (SPGTF). 2002. ‘Building National Gender Equality Mechanisms in South East Europe: Women's Use of the State’.
- Woodward, Alison. 2001. ‘Women Are Doing It: Building a Gender Balanced Democracy Using Sticks, Carrots and Kisses’. Stability Pact Gender Task Force Regional Meeting. Slovenia (SPGTF).
- Government of the Republic of Macedoni, www.gov.mk
- Macedonian Parliament website, http://www.sobranie.mk/mk/index.asp
- State Election Commission of the Republic of Macedonia, http://vlada.mk/