Political Finance Database

No alien, non-citizen, or expatriate employed by the Government of the Marshall Islands, Local Government, or any other institution, organization, or individual shall take part in, contribute to or involve himself in any manner whatsoever in any political campaign or other political activities that affect, interfere with, or undermine the political rights and privileges of the citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands

Source: Article 502, 43 MIRC Ch 5, Prohibition of Political Activities by Aliens Act 1988

No alien, non-citizen, or expatriate employed by the Government of the Marshall Islands, Local Government, or any other institution, organization, or individual shall take part in, contribute to or involve himself in any manner whatsoever in any political campaign or other political activities that affect, interfere with, or undermine the political rights and privileges of the citizens of the Republic of the Marshall Islands

Source: Article 502, 43 MIRC Ch 5, Prohibition of Political Activities by Aliens Act 1988

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

If public or governmental facilities in an electorate are made available to any candidate or to the supporters of either side in a referendum, equal opportunity shall be given to all candidates in the electorate, or to the supporters of the other side in the referendum as the case may be

Source: Article 195, 2 MIRC Ch 1, Elections and Referenda Act 1980

(9) Public officials and Government employees shall protect and conserve government property and shall not use it for other than authorized government activities;

Source: Article 1704, 3 MIRC Ch 17, Ethics in Government Act 1993

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Any rules, regulations, or directives governing the use of government-owned and operated broadcasting facilities notwithstanding, any candidate for an elective office of the Republic shall have free access to the use of government-owned and operated broadcasting facilities in the Republic. Any program submitted for broadcasting by a candidate shall be broadcast as submitted without any preview or censorship or follow-up commentary by the Government of the Marshall Islands. Programs submitted by a candidate may relate to any issue of public interest. Upon conclusion of any program by a candidate, an announcement disclaiming any government responsibility for the views expressed shall be made

Source: Article 202, 40 MIRC Ch 2, Political Broadcast Access Act 1966 as amended to 1993

If public or governmental facilities in an electorate are made available to any candidate or to the supporters of either side in a referendum, equal opportunity shall be given to all candidates in the electorate, or to the supporters of the other side in the referendum as the case may be

Source: Article 195, 2 MIRC Ch 1, Elections and Referenda Act 1980

Any rules, regulations, or directives governing the use of government-owned and operated broadcasting facilities notwithstanding, any candidate for an elective office of the Republic shall have free access to the use of government-owned and operated broadcasting facilities in the Republic. Any program submitted for broadcasting by a candidate shall be broadcast as submitted without any preview or censorship or follow-up commentary by the Government of the Marshall Islands. Programs submitted by a candidate may relate to any issue of public interest. Upon conclusion of any program by a candidate, an announcement disclaiming any government responsibility for the views expressed shall be made

Source: Article 202, 40 MIRC Ch 2, Political Broadcast Access Act 1966 as amended to 1993

If public or governmental facilities in an electorate are made available to any candidate or to the supporters of either side in a referendum, equal opportunity shall be given to all candidates in the electorate, or to the supporters of the other side in the referendum as the case may be

Source: Article 195, 2 MIRC Ch 1, Elections and Referenda Act 1980

Any rules, regulations, or directives governing the use of government-owned and operated broadcasting facilities notwithstanding, any candidate for an elective office of the Republic shall have free access to the use of government-owned and operated broadcasting facilities in the Republic. Any program submitted for broadcasting by a candidate shall be broadcast as submitted without any preview or censorship or follow-up commentary by the Government of the Marshall Islands. Programs submitted by a candidate may relate to any issue of public interest. Upon conclusion of any program by a candidate, an announcement disclaiming any government responsibility for the views expressed shall be made

Source: Article 202, 40 MIRC Ch 2, Political Broadcast Access Act 1966 as amended to 1993

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

(1) For the purpose of the Elections and Referenda Act, 1980, a person or candidate who,directly or indirectly;

(a) gives, lends or agrees to give, lend or offer any money or promise to procure any money or other valuable consideration to or for the purposes of influencing a voter to vote for, or to refrain from voting for, a certain candidate; or

(b) accepts or takes any money, offered or promised, in order to influence the outcome of an election, shall be guilty of the offense of “bribery” and upon conviction, shall be liable as follows;

(i) in the case of a person who has been elected to office, such person shall be disqualified from holding office immediately and his or her election to that office shall be vacated as of the date of conviction, if no appeal against the conviction has been filed. If an appeal has been filed, the election shall be vacated on the date the appeal is denied.

(ii) in the case of any other person, such persons shall be liable to a fine of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) or a term of imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year or both.

Source: Article 211, 2 MIRC Ch 2, Elections Offenses Act 1980

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

Some stakeholders with whom we spoke suggested that RMI should adopt election funding and disclosure laws, including limits on permissible campaign spending, to prevent financial imbalances and improprieties creating unfair advantage for certain candidates. Such laws exist in many jurisdictions and, provided they are able to be adequately enforced, can contribute a valuable safeguard to the equity and integrity of election campaigns. While the potential effectiveness of such provisions in RMI would need to be carefully considered, this may be an issue worthy of consideration in any review of RMI’s electoral laws.

Source: Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team, Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Team to the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ Nitijela (Parliamentary) Elections, 19 November 2007, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, Suva, March 2008

1) For the purpose of the Elections and Referenda Act, 1980, a person or candidate who,directly or indirectly;

(a) gives, lends or agrees to give, lend or offer any money or promise to procure any money or other valuable consideration to or for the purposes of influencing a voter to vote for, or to refrain from voting for, a certain candidate; or

(b) accepts or takes any money, offered or promised, in order to influence the outcome of an election, shall be guilty of the offense of “bribery” and upon conviction, shall be liable as follows;

(i) in the case of a person who has been elected to office, such person shall be disqualified from holding office immediately and his or her election to that office shall be vacated as of the date of conviction, if no appeal against the conviction has been filed. If an appeal has been filed, the election shall be vacated on the date the appeal is denied.

(ii) in the case of any other person, such persons shall be liable to a fine of not more than five hundred dollars ($500) or a term of imprisonment not exceeding one (1) year or both.

Source: Article 211, 2 MIRC Ch 2, Elections Offenses Act 1980

1. Any alien, non-citizen, or expatriate who is found to have contravened or violated, or who contravenes or acts in violation of any of the provisions of this Chapter shall be liable to deportation from the Marshall Islands upon order by the Cabinet.

Source: Article 503, 43 MIRC Ch 5, Prohibition of Political Activities by Aliens Act 1988