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Political Finance Database
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Questions
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Bans and limits on private income
1. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to political parties?
2. Is there a ban on donations from foreign interests to candidates?
3. Is there a ban on corporate donations to political parties?
4. Is there a ban on corporate donations to candidates?
5. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to political parties?
6. Is there a ban on donations from Trade Unions to candidates?
7. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to political parties?
8. Is there a ban on anonymous donations to candidates?
9. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to political parties?
10. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with government contracts to candidates?
11. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to political parties?
12. Is there a ban on donations from corporations with partial government ownership to candidates?
13. Is there a ban on donations from any other source?
14. Are there bans on state resources being used in favour or against a political party or candidate?
15. Is there a ban on state resources being given to or received by political parties or candidates (excluding regulated public funding)?
16. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party over a time period (not election specific)?
17. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party over a time period (not election specific), what is the limit?
18. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party in relation to an election?
19. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a political party in relation to an election, what is the limit?
20. Is there a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate?
21. If there is a limit on the amount a donor can contribute to a candidate, what is the limit?
22. Is there a limit on the amount a candidate can contribute to their own election campaign?
23. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to political parties?
24. Is there a limit on in-kind donations to candidates?
25. Are there provisions regarding political parties engaging in commercial enterprises?
26. Are there restrictions regarding political parties taking loans in relation to election campaigns?
27. Are there restrictions regarding candidates taking loans in relation to election campaigns?
28. Are donors to political parties/candidates subsequently restricted from participating in public tender/public procurement processes?
29. Are there provisions requiring donations to go through the banking system?
Public funding
30. Are there provisions for direct public funding to political parties?
31. If there are provisions for direct public funding to political parties, what are the eligibility criteria?
32. If there are provisions for direct public funding to political parties, what is the allocation calculation?
33. If there are provisions for direct public funding to political parties, are there provisions for how it should be used ('ear marking')?
34. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for political parties?
35. If there are provisions for political parties free or subsidized access to media, what criteria determine access allocation?
36. Are there provisions for free or subsidized access to media for candidates?
37. Are there provisions for any other form of indirect public funding?
38. Is the provision of direct public funding to political parties related to gender equality among candidates?
39. Are there provisions for other financial advantages to encourage gender equality in political parties?
Regulations of spending
40. Is there a ban on vote buying?
41. Are there limits on the amount a political party can spend?
42. If there are limits on the amount a political party can spend, what is the limit?
43. Are there limits on the amount a candidate can spend?
44. If there are limits on the amount a candidate can spend what is the limit for spending?
45. Are there limits on the amount that third parties can spend on election campaign activities?
46. Are there limits on traditional media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns?
47. Are there limits on online media advertising spending in relation to election campaigns?
48. Do any other restrictions on online media advertisement (beyond limits) exist?
49. IN PRACTICE: What proportion of total spending reported to the oversight agency in relation to the last campaign period was spent on media by the two presidential candidates gaining the most votes?
Reporting, oversight and sanctions
50. Do political parties have to report regularly on their finances?
51. Do political parties have to report on their finances in relation to election campaigns?
52. Do candidates have to report on their campaign finances?
53. Do third parties have to submit financial reports on election campaigning?
54. Do lobbying entities have to disclose information on contributions to political parties or candidates?
55. IN PRACTICE: What share of political parties required to submit financial reports in relation to the last election campaign did so?
56. IN PRACTICE: What share of candidates required to submit financial reports in relation to the last election campaign did so?
57. Is information in reports from political parties and/or candidates to be made public?
58. IN PRACTICE: Have campaign finance reports submitted by political parties and/or candidates in the last election been made publicly available?
59. Must reports from political parties and/or candidates reveal the identity of donors?
60. Must reports from political parties and candidates include itemized income?
61. Must reports from political parties and candidates include information on itemized spending?
62. What institution(s) receives financial reports from political parties and/or candidates?
63. Is it specified that a particular institution(s) is responsible for examining financial reports and/or investigating violations?
64. If a particular institution(s) is responsible for examining financial reports and/or investigating breaches of political finance regulations, what powers is it/they granted?
65. Is it specified that a particular institution(s) is responsible for overseeing compliance with existing rules against abuse of state resources?
66. If a particular institution is responsible for overseeing compliance with existing rules against abuse of state resources, what powers is it granted?
67. Are there provisions for conflict of interests for candidates and/or elected officials?
68. Are elected officials required to submit reports regarding their finances?
69. Is it specified that a particular institution(s) is responsible for reviewing financial reports by elected officials?
70. Are reporting entities required to enforce enhanced due diligence policies and procedures regarding politically exposed persons?
71. Is it specified that a particular institution(s) is responsible for investigate money laundering that relates to political parties, candidates and elected officials?
72. What other institutions have a formal role in political finance oversight?
73. What sanctions are provided for political finance infractions?
74. IN PRACTICE: How many sanctions have been issued in relation to political finance regulations in the last 24 months?
Countries and Regions
By Region
Alphabetically
By Region/Political entity
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Africa
Eastern Africa
Burundi
Comoros
Djibouti
Ethiopia
Kenya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mauritius
Mozambique
Rwanda
Seychelles
Tanzania, United Republic of
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Middle Africa
Angola
Cameroon
Central African Republic
Chad
Congo, Democratic Republic of
Equatorial Guinea
Gabon
Republic of The Congo (Brazzaville)
Sao Tome and Principe
Northern Africa
Algeria
Egypt
Libya
Morocco
Sudan
Tunisia
Southern Africa
Botswana
Lesotho
Namibia
South Africa
Swaziland
Western Africa
Benin
Burkina Faso
Cape Verde
Cote d'Ivoire
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Liberia
Mali
Mauritania
Niger
Nigeria
Senegal
Sierra Leone
Togo
Americas
Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda
Bahamas
Barbados
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Haiti
Jamaica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
Central America
Belize
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Northern America
Canada
United States
South America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Guyana
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Uruguay
Venezuela
Asia
Central Asia
Kazakhstan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan
Eastern Asia
Japan
Korea, Republic of
Mongolia
Taiwan
South-Eastern Asia
Cambodia
Indonesia
Malaysia
Myanmar
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Southern Asia
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
Sri Lanka
Western Asia
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Bahrain
Georgia
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Lebanon
Syrian Arab Republic
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Yemen
Europe
Eastern Europe
Belarus
Bulgaria
Czech Republic
Hungary
Moldova, Republic of
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
Slovakia
Ukraine
Northern Europe
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
Iceland
Ireland
Latvia
Lithuania
Norway
Sweden
United Kingdom
Southern Europe
Albania
Andorra
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Cyprus
Greece
Italy
Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic (1993-)
Malta
Montenegro
Portugal
San Marino
Serbia
Slovenia
Spain
Western Europe
Austria
Belgium
France
Germany
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Monaco
Netherlands
Switzerland
Oceania
Australia and New Zealand
Australia
New Zealand
Melanesia
Fiji
Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Vanuatu
Micronesia
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Micronesia, Federated States of
Nauru
Palau
Polynesia
Samoa
Tonga
Tuvalu
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Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Andorra
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bhutan
Bolivia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
Colombia
Comoros
Congo, Democratic Republic of
Costa Rica
Cote d'Ivoire
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
France
Gabon
Gambia
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Grenada
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Korea, Republic of
Kyrgyzstan
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic (1993-)
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Marshall Islands
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia, Federated States of
Moldova, Republic of
Monaco
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nauru
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Norway
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Republic of The Congo (Brazzaville)
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
Samoa
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Suriname
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
Taiwan
Tajikistan
Tanzania, United Republic of
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Tuvalu
Uganda
Ukraine
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
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African Union (AU)
Angola
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Benin
Botswana
Congo, Democratic Republic of
Central African Republic
Republic of The Congo (Brazzaville)
Cote d'Ivoire
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Djibouti
Algeria
Egypt
Ethiopia
Gabon
Ghana
Gambia
Guinea
Equatorial Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Kenya
Comoros
Liberia
Lesotho
Libya
Chad
Arab League (League of Arab States)
Bahrain
Djibouti
Algeria
Egypt
Iraq
Jordan
Comoros
Lebanon
Libya
Morocco
Mauritania
Sudan
Syrian Arab Republic
Tunisia
Yemen
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Indonesia
Cambodia
Myanmar
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Kyrgyzstan
Kazakhstan
Moldova, Republic of
Russian Federation
Tajikistan
Turkmenistan
Ukraine
Uzbekistan
Commonwealth of Nations (Commonwealth)
Antigua and Barbuda
Australia
Barbados
Bangladesh
Bahamas
Botswana
Belize
Canada
Cameroon
Cyprus
Dominica
United Kingdom
Grenada
Ghana
Gambia
Guyana
India
Jamaica
Kenya
Kiribati
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Sri Lanka
Lesotho
Malta
Mauritius
Maldives
Malawi
Malaysia
Mozambique
Namibia
Nauru
Nigeria
New Zealand
Papua New Guinea
Pakistan
Rwanda
Solomon Islands
Seychelles
Singapore
Sierra Leone
Swaziland
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tuvalu
Tanzania, United Republic of
Uganda
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
Vanuatu
Samoa
South Africa
Zambia
European Union (EU)
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
France
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Germany
Denmark
Estonia
Spain
Finland
United Kingdom
Greece
Croatia
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Latvia
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Sweden
Slovenia
Slovakia
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA)
Australia
Barbados
Belgium
Botswana
Canada
Switzerland
Chile
Costa Rica
Cape Verde
Germany
Denmark
Dominican Republic
Spain
Finland
Ghana
India
Mongolia
Mauritius
Mexico
Namibia
Netherlands
Norway
Peru
Philippines
Portugal
Sweden
Uruguay
South Africa
Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Barbados
Bolivia
Brazil
Bahamas
Belize
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Haiti
Jamaica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
El Salvador
Trinidad and Tobago
Uruguay
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
Venezuela
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Albania
Belgium
Bulgaria
Canada
France
Czech Republic
Germany
Denmark
Estonia
Spain
United Kingdom
Greece
Croatia
Hungary
Iceland
Italy
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Latvia
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovenia
Slovakia
Turkey
United States
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Austria
Australia
Belgium
Canada
Swaziland
Chile
France
Czech Republic
Germany
Denmark
Estonia
Spain
Finland
United Kingdom
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Israel
Iceland
Italy
Japan
Korea, Republic of
Luxembourg
Mexico
Netherlands
Norway
New Zealand
Poland
Portugal
Sweden
Slovenia
Slovakia
Turkey
United States
Organisation of American States (OAS)
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Barbados
Bolivia
Brazil
Bahamas
Belize
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Haiti
Jamaica
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
El Salvador
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Uruguay
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines
Venezuela
Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)
Australia
Micronesia, Federated States of
Fiji
Kiribati
Marshall Islands
Nauru
New Zealand
Papua New Guinea
Palau
Solomon Islands
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Samoa
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Bhutan
India
Sri Lanka
Maldives
Nepal
Pakistan
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