World survey of direct democracy in 214 countries and territories*


Afghanistan		B
Albania	A	B
Algeria	A	B
Andorra	S	B
Angola	B	O
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda	A	B
Argentina	S	O
Armenia	A	B
Aruba
Australia	S	B
Austria	S	B
Azerbaijan	A	B
Bahamas	A	C
Bahrain	A	B
Bangladesh	A	C
Barbados
Belarus	A	B
Belgium
Belize
Benin	S	B
Bermuda		O
Bhutan
Bolivia	A	B
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana	A	C
Brazil	A	B
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria	S	B
Burkina Faso	A	B
Burundi	A	C
Cambodia
Cameroon	A	B
Canada	N	B
Cape Verde	A	B
Cayman Islands
Central African Republic	A	B
Chad	A	B
Chile	S	C
China
Colombia	S	B
Comoros	A	B
Congo, Democratic Republic of		C
Cook Islands		B
Costa Rica	S	B
Côte d'Ivoire	A	B
Croatia	A	B
Cuba
Cyprus
Cyprus (North)	S	B
Czech Republic	A	O
Denmark	S	B
Djibouti	A	C
Dominica	A	C
Dominican Republic
East Timor	S	B
Ecuador	A	B
Egypt		B
El Salvador		O
Equatorial Guinea	A	B
Eritrea
Estonia	A	B
Ethiopia	A	O
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
Fiji
Finland	N	B
France	A	B
Gabon	A	C
Gambia	A	B
Georgia	A	B
Germany
Ghana	A	C
Gibraltar		B
Greece	A
Grenada		C
Guatemala	A	B
Guernsey
Guinea	A	B
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Holy See (Vatican City State)
Honduras	S	B
Hungary	S	B
Iceland	N	B
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Republic of	A	B
Iraq	A	C
Ireland	A	B
Isle of Man
Israel
Italy	A	B
Jamaica
Japan	A	C
Jersey	N	B
Jordan
Kazakhstan	S	B
Kenya
Kiribati	A	B
Korea, Dem. People's Republic of
Korea, Republic of	S	B
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan	A	B
Lao People's Dem. Republic
Latvia	A	B
Lebanon
Lesotho		B
Liberia	A	C
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Liechtenstein	A	B
Lithuania	S	B
Luxembourg	S	O
Macedonia, former Yugoslav Republic (1993-)	A	O
Madagascar		B
Malawi	A	C
Malaysia
Maldives	N	B
Mali	A	B
Malta	S	B
Marshall Islands
Mauritania	A	B
Mauritius	A	C
Mexico
Micronesia, Federated States of
Moldova, Republic of		B
Monaco
Mongolia	A	B
Montenegro
Montserrat
Morocco	A	B
Mozambique	A	B
Myanmar
Namibia		B
Nauru		C
Nepal
Netherlands	N	O
Netherlands Antilles
New Zealand	S	B
Nicaragua		B
Niger	A	B
Nigeria	S	B
Niue		C
Norway	N
Oman
Pakistan		B
Palau	S	B
Palestinian Territory, Occupied
Panama	A	B
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay	S	B
Peru	A	B
Philippines	A	B
Pitcairn Islands
Poland	A	B
Portugal	S	O
Qatar	A	B
Republic of The Congo (Brazzaville)	A	C
Romania	A	B
Russian Federation	A	B
Rwanda	A	B
Saint Helena
Saint Kitts and Nevis	A	B
Saint Lucia		C
Saint Vincent and The Grenadines	A	C
Samoa		C
San Marino
Sao Tome and Principe		C
Saudi Arabia
Senegal	A	B
Serbia	A	B
Seychelles	A	B
Sierra Leone	A	B
Singapore		B
Slovakia	S	B
Slovenia	A	B
Solomon Islands
Somalia		B
South Africa	N
Spain	S	B
Sri Lanka	A	B
Sudan	A	B
Suriname
Swaziland	S	B
Sweden	N	B
Switzerland	A	B
Syrian Arab Republic	A	B
Taiwan	A	B
Tajikistan	A	B
Tanzania, United Republic of
Thailand	A	B
Togo		B
Tokelau
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia	A	B
Turkey	A	C
Turkmenistan		B
Turks and Caicos Islands
Tuvalu
Uganda	A	B
Ukraine	A	B
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom	S	B
United States
Uruguay	A	B
Uzbekistan		B
Vanuatu	A	C
Venezuela	A	B
Viet Nam		O
Virgin Islands, British
Yemen	A	B
Zambia	A	C
Zimbabwe

Legend

	Indicates existence of provision or referendum	S	Sometimes
	Indicates no existence of provision or inability to find provision	C	Constitutional changes only
A	Always	O	Other issues only
N	Never	B	Both constitutional and other issues

References to countries/territories do not imply any judgement on the legal status of these countries/territories, neither does the placement or size of any country or territory in maps imply the endorsement of certain boundaries, nor does it reflect the political views of International IDEA or its partners.

Disclaimer: International IDEA's databases are under reconstruction and will be consequently updated. Users should be aware that in this period the data are reviewed and may be outdated. If you find inaccuracies or would like to suggest updates, please contact Adhy Aman at a.aman@idea.int. Thank you for your understanding and apologies for any incovenience this might cause.

Page last updated November 27, 2008

World survey of direct democracy in 214 countries and territories*

International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA)

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